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In music theory, retrograde inversion is a musical term that literally means "backwards and upside down": "The inverse of the series is sounded in reverse order." [1] Retrograde reverses the order of the motif's pitches: what was the first pitch becomes the last, and vice versa. [2]
In traditional theory concepts like voicing and form include ordering; for example, many musical forms, such as rondo, are defined by the order of their sections. The permutations resulting from applying the inversion or retrograde operations are categorized as the prime form's inversions and retrogrades , respectively.
This is a different usage of the term "set" from that described above (and referred to in the term "set theory"). For these authors, [weasel words] a set form (or row form) is a particular arrangement of such an ordered set: the prime form (original order), inverse (upside down), retrograde (backwards), and retrograde inverse (backwards and ...
In music theory, an inversion is a rearrangement of the top-to-bottom elements in an interval, a chord, a melody, or a group of contrapuntal lines of music. [2] In each of these cases, "inversion" has a distinct but related meaning. The concept of inversion also plays an important role in musical set theory.
The inverse of a given fragment of melody is the fragment turned upside down—so if the original fragment has a rising major third (see interval), the inverted fragment has a falling major (or perhaps minor) third, etc. (Compare, in twelve-tone technique, the inversion of the tone row, which is the so-called prime series turned upside down ...
Exactly how much longer it is held is up to the discretion of the performer or conductor, but twice as long is common. It is usually printed above but can be occasionally below (when it is upside down) the note to be extended. When a fermata is placed over a bar or double-bar, it is used to indicate the end of a phrase or section of a work.
Broken down, crushed; the sounding of the notes of a chord not quite simultaneously, but from bottom to top acciaccatura Crushing (i.e. a very fast grace note that is "crushed" against the note that follows and takes up no value in the measure) accidental A note that is not part of the scale indicated by the key signature. accompagnato
Undertone series on C. [1] In music, the undertone series or subharmonic series is a sequence of notes that results from inverting the intervals of the overtone series.While overtones naturally occur with the physical production of music on instruments, undertones must be produced in unusual ways.