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Hormonal therapies to reduce or stop menstrual bleeding have long been used to manage a number of gynecologic conditions including menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea), heavy menstrual bleeding, irregular or other abnormal uterine bleeding, menstrual-related mood changes (premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder), and pelvic pain due to endometriosis or uterine fibroids.
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Premenstrual water retention could be passed off as little weight gain before the start of a menstruation cycle, but should be carefully watched if weight is gained quickly within days. Water retention can cause serious consequences in people who have a kidney or cardiovascular disease and should take extra caution when experiencing this symptom.
Dysmenorrhea, also known as period pain, painful periods or menstrual cramps, is pain during menstruation. [4] [5] [2] Its usual onset occurs around the time that menstruation begins. [1] Symptoms typically last less than three days. [1] The pain is usually in the pelvis or lower abdomen. [1] Other symptoms may include back pain, diarrhea or ...
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Polymenorrhea is usually transient and self-limited, thereby not necessitating treatment. [4] If it persists, is disturbing, or if there is considerable blood loss due to the frequent periods, treatment may be indicated. [4] The mainstays of treatment are a progestogen during the luteal phase of the cycle or a combined oral contraceptive pill. [4]
Even without treatment, symptoms tend to decrease in perimenopausal women, [22] and induction of menopause through surgical removal of the ovaries is a treatment of last resort. [17] However, those who experience PMS or PMDD are more likely to have significant symptoms associated with menopause , such as hot flashes .
Diagram illustrating how the uterus lining builds up and breaks down during the menstrual cycle Menstruation (also known as a period, among other colloquial terms) is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina. The menstrual cycle is characterized by the rise and fall of hormones. Menstruation is triggered by falling progesterone ...