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Examples include playing games, and solving problems and puzzles etc. Ellis (2003) [5] defines a task as a work plan that involves a pragmatic processing of language, using the learners' existing language resources and attention to meaning, and resulting in the completion of an outcome which can be assessed for its communicative function. David ...
The system needs to "say the 'right' thing at the 'right' time in the 'right' way". [1] To do so it needs an internal representation of the user. Another common purpose is modeling specific kinds of users, including modeling of their skills and declarative knowledge , for use in automatic software-tests. [ 2 ]
"task-based language learning" is, by definition, a subset of "language learning". The problem I see is that all language learning seems to be task-based, so the qualifier "task-based" is meaningless. It gets used by companies in their advertisements, and governments in their public relations work, but that doesn't imply that it means anything.
For example, it can be used to connect task to a goal. Decomposition relationship is used to show the sub-components of a task. Contribution relationship describes how one element influence another one. Often a weighted means-ends relationship for brevity. +ve and -ve contribution allows for defeasible reasoning by way of Defenders and Defeaters.
Generally speaking, a programming idiom's semantic role is a natural language expression of a simple task, algorithm, or data structure that is not a built-in feature in the programming language being used, or, conversely, the use of an unusual or notable feature that is built into a programming language.
Task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership are two models which are often compared, as they are known to produce varying outcomes under different circumstances. Task-oriented (or task-focused) leadership is a behavioral approach in which the leader focuses on the tasks that need to be performed in order to meet certain goals, or to ...
Data-oriented languages provide powerful ways of searching and manipulating the relations that have been described as entity relationship tables which map one set of things into other sets. [citation needed] Examples of data-oriented languages include:
Forth is a stack-oriented programming language and interactive integrated development environment designed by Charles H. "Chuck" Moore and first used by other programmers in 1970. Although not an acronym, the language's name in its early years was often spelled in all capital letters as FORTH.