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HUS occurs after 3–7% of all sporadic E. coli O157:H7 infections and up to approximately 20% or more of epidemic infections. [43] Children and adolescents are commonly affected. [44] One reason could be that children have more Gb3 receptors than adults which may be why children are more susceptible to HUS.
Uremia is the condition of having high levels of urea in the blood. Urea is one of the primary components of urine.It can be defined as an excess in the blood of amino acid and protein metabolism end products, such as urea and creatinine, which would normally be excreted in the urine.
In diseases such as hemolytic uremic syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and malignant hypertension, the endothelial layer of small vessels is damaged with resulting fibrin deposition and platelet aggregation. As red blood cells travel through these damaged vessels, they are fragmented ...
The second theory postulates that organic compounds are increased in uremia to protect the brain and result in injury by, like in the first theory, reverse osmosis. [1] More recent studies on rats noted that brain concentrations of organic osmolytes were not increased relative to baseline after rapid dialysis.
Immune-mediated causes could include transient factors as in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (cold agglutinin disease) [14] or permanent factors as in autoimmune diseases like autoimmune hemolytic anemia [15] (itself more common in diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic ...
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), also known as complement-mediated hemolytic uremic syndrome (not to be confused with hemolytic–uremic syndrome), is an extremely rare, life-threatening, progressive disease that frequently has a genetic component. In most cases, it can be effectively controlled by interruption of the complement cascade.
Childhood leukemia is the most common childhood cancer, accounting for 29% of cancers in children aged 0–14 in 2018. [1] There are multiple forms of leukemia that occur in children, the most common being acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [ 2 ]
Unless high blood levels of uric acid are determined in a clinical laboratory, hyperuricemia may not cause noticeable symptoms in most people. [4] Development of gout – which is a painful, short-term disorder – is the most common consequence of hyperuricemia, which causes deposition of uric acid crystals usually in joints of the extremities, but may also induce formation of kidney stones ...