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Common nonvolatile acids in humans are lactic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, acetoacetic acid, and beta-hydroxybutyric acid. Humans produce about 1–1.5 mmoles of H + per kilogram per day. [1] Most nonvolatile acids are excreted by the kidneys. Lactic acid is usually completely metabolized by the body, and is thus not excreted from the ...
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Section through a hydroid. The majority of hydroids are colonial. The original polyp is anchored to a solid substrate and forms a bud which remains attached to its parent. This in turn buds and in this way a stem is formed. The arrangement of polyps and the branching of the stem is characteristic of the species.
A hydroid is a type of vascular cell that occurs in certain bryophytes. In some mosses such as members of the Polytrichaceae family, hydroids form the innermost layer of cells in the stem. At maturity they are long, colourless, thin walled cells of small diameter, containing water but no living protoplasm. Collectively, hydroids function as a ...
Hydroid (botany), a type of vascular cell that occurs in certain bryophytes; Hydroid (zoology), a life stage for most animals of the class Hydrozoa; Garveia, a genus of cnidarians, including: Garveia annulata, the orange hydroid; Garveia arborea, the orange or hedgehog hydroid
Acid–base homeostasis is the homeostatic regulation of the pH of the body's extracellular fluid (ECF). [1] The proper balance between the acids and bases (i.e. the pH) in the ECF is crucial for the normal physiology of the body—and for cellular metabolism . [ 1 ]
The hydroid Halecium muricatum, Gulen Dive Resort, Norway The approximately 1,900 species of Leptothecata are characterized by a number of features: Their polyps are always living in colonies with the hydranths set in hydrotheca which are usually permanent and often long enough so the animal can fully retract into it; some have very reduced ...
Though some outlier Hydrozoans go through a polyploid (polyp) and medusa stage, Hydroidolina, which comprises almost all hydrozoans, goes through an asexual polypoid stage where the polyp fixed to a substrate and a sexual hydroid stage varying from free-swimming medusa to a gonophore that remains attached to the polyp.