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  2. List of mathematical constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mathematical_constants

    The following list includes the continued fractions of some constants and is sorted by their representations. Continued fractions with more than 20 known terms have been truncated, with an ellipsis to show that they continue. Rational numbers have two continued fractions; the version in this list is the shorter one.

  3. Highly composite number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highly_composite_number

    Plot of the number of divisors of integers from 1 to 1000. Highly composite numbers are labelled in bold and superior highly composite numbers are starred. In the SVG file, hover over a bar to see its statistics. Roughly speaking, for a number to be highly composite it has to have prime factors as small as possible, but not too many of the same.

  4. Golden ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_ratio

    In mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities. Expressed algebraically, for quantities ⁠ a {\displaystyle a} ⁠ and ⁠ b {\displaystyle b} ⁠ with ⁠ a > b > 0 {\displaystyle a>b>0} ⁠ , ⁠ a {\displaystyle a} ⁠ is in a golden ratio to ...

  5. Pi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi

    The number π (/ p aɪ / ⓘ; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.

  6. Bayes' theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayes'_theorem

    Once again, the answer can be reached without using the formula by applying the conditions to a hypothetical number of cases. For example, if the factory produces 1,000 items, 200 will be produced by A, 300 by B, and 500 by C. Machine A will produce 5% × 200 = 10 defective items, B 3% × 300 = 9, and C 1% × 500 = 5, for a total of 24.

  7. Doubling time - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doubling_time

    The doubling time is the time it takes for a population to double in size/value. It is applied to population growth, inflation, resource extraction, consumption of goods, compound interest, the volume of malignant tumours, and many other things that tend to grow over time.

  8. Logarithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm

    In mathematics, the logarithm of a number is the exponent by which another fixed value, the base, must be raised to produce that number.For example, the logarithm of 1000 to base 10 is 3, because 1000 is 10 to the 3 rd power: 1000 = 10 3 = 10 × 10 × 10.

  9. Gravitational wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave

    Amplitude: Usually denoted h, this is the size of the wave – the fraction of stretching or squeezing in the animation. The amplitude shown here is roughly h = 0.5 (or 50%). Gravitational waves passing through the Earth are many sextillion times weaker than this – h ≈ 10 −20 .