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In the 6th century, the Vatican promulgated the very first law against slavery, forbidding Jews from owning Christian slaves. Between the 7th and the 8th century France, the Vatican and the Carolingian Empire promulgated laws outlawing the enslavement of Christians and freeing Christian slaves across their territories.
After the battle of Lepanto approximately 12,000 Christian galley slaves were freed from the Turks. [84] In 1535 Pope Paul III removed the ability of slaves in Rome to claim freedom by reaching the Capitol Hill, although this was restored some years later. He legalized slave trading and ownership, including of Christian slaves in Rome. [85]
Finney preached that slavery was a moral sin, and so supported its elimination. "I had made up my mind on the question of slavery, and was exceedingly anxious to arouse public attention to the subject. In my prayers and preaching, I so often alluded to slavery, and denounced it. [18]
Slavery abolished, except as punishment for crime, by the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. It frees all remaining slaves, about 40,000, in the border slave states that did not secede. [147] Thirty out of thirty-six states vote to ratify it; New Jersey, Delaware, Kentucky, and Mississippi vote against. Mississippi does not ...
[91] This practice was a major mark of African American Christianity during the slavery period. Christianity came to the slaves of North America more slowly. Many colonial slaveholders feared that baptizing slaves would lead to emancipation because of vague laws that concerned the slave status of Christians under British colonial rule.
Though Christians like the Apostles Paul and Peter accepted slavery as a societal institution, they also recognized the dangers inherent in it.
Pope Gregory XVI, challenging Spanish and Portuguese sovereignty, appointed his own candidates as bishops in the colonies, condemned slavery and the slave trade in 1839 (papal bull In supremo apostolatus), and approved the ordination of native clergy in spite of government racism. [36]
Church attendance was very high and chaplains played a major role in the Army. [117] The slavery issue had split the evangelical denominations by 1860. During the war, the Presbyterians and Episcopalians also split. The Catholics did not split. Baptists and Methodists together formed majorities of both the free and enslaved populations.