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  2. Dataframe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataframe

    Dataframe may refer to: A tabular data structure common to many data processing libraries: pandas (software) § DataFrames; The Dataframe API in Apache Spark; Data frames in the R programming language; Frame (networking)

  3. List of common coordinate transformations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_common_coordinate...

    Note: solving for ′ returns the resultant angle in the first quadrant (< <). To find , one must refer to the original Cartesian coordinate, determine the quadrant in which lies (for example, (3,−3) [Cartesian] lies in QIV), then use the following to solve for :

  4. Del in cylindrical and spherical coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Del_in_cylindrical_and...

    The polar angle is denoted by [,]: it is the angle between the z-axis and the radial vector connecting the origin to the point in question. The azimuthal angle is denoted by φ ∈ [ 0 , 2 π ] {\displaystyle \varphi \in [0,2\pi ]} : it is the angle between the x -axis and the projection of the radial vector onto the xy -plane.

  5. C Sharp 3.0 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp_3.0

    The programming language C# version 3.0 was released on 19 November 2007 as part of .NET Framework 3.5.It includes new features inspired by functional programming languages such as Haskell and ML, and is driven largely by the introduction of the Language Integrated Query (LINQ) pattern to the Common Language Runtime. [1]

  6. Cylindrical coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cylindrical_coordinate_system

    The radius and the azimuth are together called the polar coordinates, as they correspond to a two-dimensional polar coordinate system in the plane through the point, parallel to the reference plane. The third coordinate may be called the height or altitude (if the reference plane is considered horizontal), longitudinal position, [1] or axial ...

  7. Winsorizing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winsorizing

    Note that winsorizing is not equivalent to simply excluding data, which is a simpler procedure, called trimming or truncation, but is a method of censoring data.. In a trimmed estimator, the extreme values are discarded; in a winsorized estimator, the extreme values are instead replaced by certain percentiles (the trimmed minimum and maximum).

  8. Multivariate interpolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_interpolation

    Multivariate interpolation is particularly important in geostatistics, where it is used to create a digital elevation model from a set of points on the Earth's surface (for example, spot heights in a topographic survey or depths in a hydrographic survey).

  9. Polar code (coding theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_code_(coding_theory)

    Primarily, the original design of the polar codes achieves capacity when block sizes are asymptotically large with a successive cancellation decoder. However, with the block sizes used in industry, the performance of the successive cancellation is poor compared to well-defined and implemented coding schemes such as low-density parity-check code ...