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The Diving Certification model originated at Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) in 1952 after two divers died whilst using university-owned equipment. [3] The then President of the University of California, Robert Gordon Sproul, restricted diving to those who had been trained through the program at SIO and thus "certification" was born.
The ETS issued on June 15, 1976, was to be effective from July 15 but was challenged in the U.S. Court of Appeals by several diving contractors, and was withdrawn that November. A permanent standard for commercial diving became effective on 20 October 1977, but it did not consider the needs of scientific diving.
RAID - Recreational, Professional, Technical, and Rebreather training www.diveraid.com SAA - The Sub-Aqua Association – British recreational diver training and certification organisation CMAS code GBR/F03 [2] [8] TDI - Technical Diving International – Technical diver training and certification agency EUF CB 2006002 [7] CMAS code INT/F05 [2] [8]
A diver training standard is a document issued by a certification, registration, regulation or quality assurance agency, that describes the prerequisites for participation, the aim of the training programme, the specific competences that a candidate must demonstrate to be assessed as competent, and the minimum required experience that must be recorded before the candidate can be registered or ...
Training and assessment will generally follow a diver training standard, and may use a diver training manual as source material. Recreational diving instructors are usually registered members of one or more recreational diver certification agencies, and are generally registered to train and assess divers against specified certification standards.
The Professional Diving Instructors Corporation (PDIC) is an international SCUBA training and certification agency. It has an estimated 5 million active recreational divers. [2] Founded in 1969, PDIC was established out of the need to properly train SCUBA instructors. [1]
In 1949 Conrad Limbaugh introduced scientific scuba diving at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. While a doctoral student in 1954 he became Scripps' first diving safety officer, his research diving course was the first civilian diver training programme in the U.S. and he wrote the first scientific diving manual. [18]
The entry requirements for diver training depend on the specific training involved, but generally include medical fitness to dive. Fitness to dive, (also medical fitness to dive), is the medical and physical suitability of a diver to function safely in the underwater environment using underwater diving equipment and procedures.