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Patrolling Points were identified by India's China Study Group in the 1970s to optimize patrolling effectiveness and resource utilization along the disputed and non-demarcarted China-India border at a time when border infrastructure was weak. Instead of patrolling the entire border which was more than 3000 km long, troops would just be required ...
Ladakh India / China Served by Fukche AGL. [118] Padum AGL [118] and Leh Airport are 2nd line of defence. 4 Chumar North Tibet Ladakh India Served by Nyoma AGL. [118] Chumar sector has 2 noncontiguous areas, north and south. India has road up to the claimed border. China does not have a road up to border. Both India and China are also served by ...
Ladakh (/ l ə ˈ d ɑː k /) [10] is a region administered by India as a union territory [1] and constitutes an eastern portion of the larger Kashmir region that has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947 and India and China since 1959. [2] Ladakh is bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region to the east, the Indian ...
India shares land borders with six sovereign nations. The state's Ministry of Home Affairs also recognizes a 106 kilometres (66 mi) land border with a seventh nation, Afghanistan, as part of its claim on the Kashmir region; however, this is disputed and the region bordering Afghanistan has been administered by Pakistan as part of Gilgit-Baltistan since 1947 (see Durand Line).
International Borders: University of Texas map library - India Political map 2001 Disputed Borders: University of Texas map library - China-India Borders - Eastern Sector 1988 & Western Sector 1988 - Kashmir Region 2004 - Kashmir Maps. State and District boundaries: Census of India - 2001 Census State Maps - Survey of India Maps.
The Macartney-MacDonald line was never accepted by China, although they informally indicated acceptance on certain occasions: Woodman, Dorothy (1969) Himalayan Frontiers: A Political Review of British, Chinese, Indian, and Russian Rivalries , Praeger, p. 102 "The proposed boundary seems never to have been considered in the same form again until ...
International Borders: University of Texas map library - India Political map 2001 Disputed Borders: University of Texas map library - China-India Borders - Eastern Sector 1988 & Western Sector 1988 - Kashmir Region 2004 - Kashmir Maps. State and District boundaries: Census of India - 2001 Census State Maps - Survey of India Maps.
The border between China and India is 3,488 kilometres (2,167 mi) in length [4] and often in sparsely populated areas. Its exact location has never been formally defined and is thus vague and in dispute. Both governments patrol up to where they each believe the border lies. Indian and China began discussing the border in the 1980s. [5]