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The reciprocal function, the function f(x) that maps x to 1/x, is one of the simplest examples of a function which is its own inverse (an involution). Multiplying by a number is the same as dividing by its reciprocal and vice versa. For example, multiplication by 4/5 (or 0.8) will give the same result as division by 5/4 (or 1.25).
A unit fraction is a positive fraction with one as its ... (reciprocal) of the denominator of the ... Multiplying two unit fractions produces another unit fraction ...
The reciprocal of a proper fraction is improper, and the reciprocal of an improper fraction not equal to 1 (that is, numerator and denominator are not equal) is a proper fraction. When the numerator and denominator of a fraction are equal (for example, 7 / 7 ), its value is 1, and the fraction therefore is improper.
This, for cyclic fractions with long repetends, allows us to easily predict what the result of multiplying the fraction by any natural number n will be, as long as the repetend is known. A proper prime is a prime p which ends in the digit 1 in base 10 and whose reciprocal in base 10 has a repetend with length p − 1.
A common technique for multiplication with larger numbers is called long multiplication. This method starts by writing the multiplier above the multiplicand. The calculation begins by multiplying the multiplier only with the rightmost digit of the multiplicand and writing the result below, starting in the rightmost column.
The multiplicative inverse (reciprocal) of the square root of two is a widely used constant, with the decimal value: [20] 0.70710 67811 86547 52440 08443 62104 84903 92848 35937 68847... It is often encountered in geometry and trigonometry because the unit vector, which makes a 45° angle with the axes in a plane, has the coordinates
The congruence relation, modulo m, partitions the set of integers into m congruence classes. Operations of addition and multiplication can be defined on these m objects in the following way: To either add or multiply two congruence classes, first pick a representative (in any way) from each class, then perform the usual operation for integers on the two representatives and finally take the ...
In the case of dividing a fraction he has found out the method of multiplying the fraction by the reciprocal of the divisor. He presented a method of completing the square to solve quadratic equations , sometimes called Śrīdhara's method or the Hindu method .