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A simple machine is a mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force. [1] In general, they can be defined as the simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage (also called leverage) to multiply force. [2] Usually the term refers to the six classical simple machines that were defined by Renaissance scientists: [3] [4 ...
The adjective "mechanical" refers to skill in the practical application of an art or science, as well as relating to or caused by movement, physical forces, properties or agents such as is dealt with by mechanics. [43] Similarly Merriam-Webster Dictionary [44] defines "mechanical" as relating to machinery or tools.
Various machine components used in mechanical engineering. Mechanical engineering is the study of physical machines that may involve force and movement. It is an engineering branch that combines engineering physics and mathematics principles with materials science, to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems. [1]
Devices operating on several physical processes have been used over the millennia. Clutch – a mechanical device which engages and disengages power transmission especially from driving shaft to driven shaft. CNC – (CNC)), the automated control of machining tools (drills, boring tools, lathes) by means of a computer. An NC machine alters a ...
The ideal mechanical advantage (IMA), or theoretical mechanical advantage, is the mechanical advantage of a device with the assumption that its components do not flex, there is no friction, and there is no wear. It is calculated using the physical dimensions of the device and defines the maximum performance the device can achieve.
The lead determines the mechanical advantage of the screw; the smaller the lead, the higher the mechanical advantage. [20] The pitch is defined as the axial distance between the crests of adjacent threads. In most screws, called "single start" screws, which have a single helical thread wrapped around them, the lead and pitch are equal.
A differential is a gear train with three drive shafts that has the property that the rotational speed of one shaft is the average of the speeds of the others. A common use of differentials is in motor vehicles, to allow the wheels at each end of a drive axle to rotate at different speeds while cornering.
The mechanical advantage of a lever is the ratio of output force to input force. M A = F 2 F 1 = a b . {\displaystyle MA={\frac {F_{2}}{F_{1}}}={\frac {a}{b}}.\!} This relationship shows that the mechanical advantage can be computed from ratio of the distances from the fulcrum to where the input and output forces are applied to the lever ...