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Which conditions are risk factors for MACE depends on some characteristics of the investigated cohort. Established risk indicators in the general population include age, pre-existing cardiovascular disease, smoking, diabetes mellitus, elevated concentrations of triglycerides and non-HDL cholesterol concentration, reduced HDL concentration and hypertension, as, e. g., demonstrated by the ...
[1] [2] Its usefulness was questioned in a 2015 review as it was not found to separate those who are at low from those who are at high risk of future problems. [3] A high score correctly predicted 87% of the people who did have a stroke in the following 7 days but also many people who did not have problems. [3]
Specifically the risk of stroke was also increased by exposure to ionizing radiation. [70] Hypertension develops more often in those who experience job strain and who have shift-work. [70] Differences between women and men in risk are small, however men risk having and dying of heart attacks or stroke twice as often as women during working life ...
Having stroke in the past greatly increases one's risk of future stroke. Men are 25% more likely to develop stroke than women, [53] yet 60% of deaths from stroke occur in women. [233] Since women live longer, they are older on average when they have stroke and thus more often killed. [53] Some risk factors for stroke apply only to women.
The Whitehall Studies investigated social determinants of health, specifically the cardiovascular disease prevalence and mortality rates among British civil servants.The initial prospective cohort study, the Whitehall I Study, [1] examined over 17,500 male civil servants between the ages of 20 and 64, and was conducted over a period of ten years, beginning in 1967.
The Court recalls that the use of information relating to the date and length of telephone conversations and in particular the numbers dialled can give rise to an issue under Article 8 as such information constitutes an “integral element of the communications made by telephone” (see Malone v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 2 August 1984 ...
Because risk scores such as the Framingham Risk Score give an indication of the likely benefits of prevention, they are useful for both the individual patient and for the clinician in helping decide whether lifestyle modification and preventive medical treatment and for patient education, by identifying men and women at increased risk for future cardiovascular events.
Major factors influencing cardiac output – heart rate and stroke volume, both of which are variable. [1]In cardiac physiology, cardiac output (CO), also known as heart output and often denoted by the symbols , ˙, or ˙, [2] is the volumetric flow rate of the heart's pumping output: that is, the volume of blood being pumped by a single ventricle of the heart, per unit time (usually measured ...