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The Public Schools Accountability Act (PSAA) was passed in California in 1999 as the first step in developing a comprehensive system to hold students, schools, and districts accountable for improving student performance. The system establishes a code of conduct for all teachers stating that their overall objective for the student is to achieve ...
President George W. Bush first proposed the use of federal aid to create a plan by which to hold schools accountable for the educational outcomes of their students on January 23, 2001; however, as it was initially described, the Act faced significant criticism from interest groups such as the Education Trust because of its inclusion of vouchers.
"Accountability" derives from the late Latin accomptare (to account), a prefixed form of computare (to calculate), which in turn is derived from putare (to reckon). [6] While the word itself does not appear in English until its use in 13th century Norman England, [7] the concept of account-giving has ancient roots in record-keeping activities related to governance and money-lending systems ...
A state must make annual decisions about the achievement of all public schools and local education agencies. All public schools and local education agencies will be held accountable for the achievement of all individual subgroups. A state's definition of AYP must be based primarily on the state's academic assessments.
Student-directed teaching is a teaching technology that aims to give the student greater control, ownership, and accountability over his or her own education. Developed to counter institutionalized, mass, schooling, student-directed teaching allows students to make their own choices while they learn in order to make education much more meaningful, relevant, and effective.
Educational research refers to the systematic collection and analysis of evidence and data related to the field of education. Research may involve a variety of methods [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and various aspects of education including student learning, interaction, teaching methods , teacher training, and classroom dynamics.
The core originated as a way to standardize the way students were taught from state-to-state, and also the quality of information students received. The Common Core has now been adopted by 42 states in the US. The Common Core standards are: Research- and evidence-based; Clear, understandable, and consistent; Aligned with college and career ...
SOTL necessarily builds on many past traditions in higher education, including classroom and program assessment, action research, [3] [4] [5] the reflective practice movement, peer review of teaching, traditional educational research, and faculty development efforts to enhance teaching and learning.