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The development of CrypTool started in 1998. Originally developed by German companies and universities, it is an open-source project since 2001. [2]Currently 4 versions of CrypTool are maintained and developed: The CrypTool 1 (CT1) software is available in 6 languages (English, German, Polish, Spanish, Serbian, and French).
MatrixSSL is an open-source TLS/SSL implementation designed for custom applications in embedded hardware environments. [2] [3] [4]The MatrixSSL library contains a full cryptographic software module that includes industry-standard public key and symmetric key algorithms.
In November 2014, "ChatSecure + Orbot" received a perfect score on the Electronic Frontier Foundation's "Secure Messaging Scorecard"; [19] the combination received points for having communications encrypted in transit, having communications encrypted with keys the provider doesn't have access to (end-to-end encryption), making it possible for users to independently verify their correspondents ...
Stunnel is an open-source multi-platform application used to provide a universal TLS/SSL tunneling service.. Stunnel is used to provide secure encrypted connections for clients or servers that do not speak TLS or SSL natively. [4]
In cryptography, a Feistel cipher (also known as Luby–Rackoff block cipher) is a symmetric structure used in the construction of block ciphers, named after the German-born physicist and cryptographer Horst Feistel, who did pioneering research while working for IBM; it is also commonly known as a Feistel network.
Four practical examples of kleptographic attacks (including a simplified SETUP attack against RSA) can be found in JCrypTool 1.0, [11] the platform-independent version of the open-source CrypTool project. [12] A demonstration of the prevention of kleptographic attacks by means of the KEGVER method is also implemented in JCrypTool.
A number of modes of operation have been designed to combine secrecy and authentication in a single cryptographic primitive. Examples of such modes are , [12] integrity-aware cipher block chaining (IACBC) [clarification needed], integrity-aware parallelizable mode (IAPM), [13] OCB, EAX, CWC, CCM, and GCM.
Every modern cipher attempts to provide protection against ciphertext-only attacks. The vetting process for a new cipher design standard usually takes many years and includes exhaustive testing of large quantities of ciphertext for any statistical departure from random noise.