Ads
related to: square free integer maths practice
Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
An integer is square-free if and only if it is equal to its radical. Every positive integer can be represented in a unique way as the product of a powerful number (that is an integer such that is divisible by the square of every prime factor) and a square-free integer, which are coprime.
However, in the form that every congruum (the difference between consecutive elements in an arithmetic progression of three squares) is non-square, it was already known (without proof) to Fibonacci. [4] Every congruum is a congruent number, and every congruent number is a product of a congruum and the square of a rational number. [5]
A non-negative integer is a square number when its square root is again an integer. For example, =, so 9 is a square number. A positive integer that has no square divisors except 1 is called square-free. For a non-negative integer n, the n th square number is n 2, with 0 2 = 0 being the zeroth one. The concept of square can be extended to some ...
In mathematics, a square-free element is an element r of a unique factorization domain R that is not divisible by a non-trivial square. This means that every s such that s 2 ∣ r {\displaystyle s^{2}\mid r} is a unit of R .
The radical of any integer is the largest square-free divisor of and so also described as the square-free kernel of . [2] There is no known polynomial-time algorithm for computing the square-free part of an integer.
For a nonzero square free integer , the discriminant of the quadratic field = is if is congruent to modulo , and otherwise . For example, if d {\displaystyle d} is − 1 {\displaystyle -1} , then K {\displaystyle K} is the field of Gaussian rationals and the discriminant is − 4 {\displaystyle -4} .
Congruences of squares are extremely useful in integer factorization algorithms. Conversely, because finding square roots modulo a composite number turns out to be probabilistic polynomial-time equivalent to factoring that number, any integer factorization algorithm can be used efficiently to identify a congruence of squares.
The quadratic sieve algorithm (QS) is an integer factorization algorithm and, in practice, the second-fastest method known (after the general number field sieve). It is still the fastest for integers under 100 decimal digits or so, and is considerably simpler than the number field sieve. It is a general-purpose factorization algorithm, meaning ...
Ads
related to: square free integer maths practice