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1 ~0.027 Radon concentration at the shores of large oceans is typically 1 Bq/m 3. Radon trace concentration above oceans or in Antarctica can be lower than 0.1 Bq/m 3, [100] with changes in radon levels being used to track foreign pollutants. [101] 10: 0.27 Mean continental concentration in the open air: 10 to 30 Bq/m 3.
The ICPR 65 model [61] follows the same approach, and estimates the relative lifelong risk probability of radon-induced cancer death to 1.23 × 10 −6 per Bq/(m 3 ·year). [62] This relative risk is a global indicator; the risk estimation is independent of sex, age, or smoking habit.
In a working mine, the radon level can be controlled by ventilation, sealing off old workings and controlling the water in the mine. The level in a mine can go up when a mine is abandoned; it can reach a level which can cause the skin to become red (a mild radiation burn). The radon levels in some of the mines can reach 400 to 700 kBq m −3. [17]
Radon compounds are chemical compounds formed by the element radon (Rn). Radon is a noble gas, i.e. a zero-valence element, and is chemically not very reactive. The 3.8-day half-life of radon-222 makes it useful in physical sciences as a natural tracer. Because radon is a gas under normal circumstances, and its decay-chain parents are not, it ...
The World Health Organization (WHO) sets the ideal indoor radon levels at 100 Bq/m-3. [97] In the United States, it is recommend to fix homes with radon levels at or above 4 pCi/L. At the same time it is also recommends that people think about fixing their homes for radon levels between 2 pCi/L and 4 pCi/L. [ 98 ] In the United Kingdom the ...
A typical radon test kit Fluctuation of ambient air radon concentration over one week, measured in a laboratory. The first step in mitigation is testing. No level of radiation is considered completely safe, but as it cannot be eliminated, governments around the world have set various action levels to provide guidance on when radon concentrations should be reduced.
There are 39 known isotopes of radon (86 Rn), from 193 Rn to 231 Rn; all are radioactive.The most stable isotope is 222 Rn with a half-life of 3.8235 days, which decays into 218 Po
Readings indicate radiation levels from all sources including background, and real-time readings are in general unvalidated, but correlation between independent detectors increases confidence in measured levels. List of near-real-time government radiation measurement sites, employing multiple instrument types: