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Radon is a major cause of cancer; it is estimated to contribute to ~2% of all cancer related deaths in Europe. [1] Radium, like radon, is radioactive and is found in small quantities in nature and is hazardous to life if radiation exceeds 20-50 mSv/year. Radium is a decay product of uranium and thorium. [2]
1 ~0.027 Radon concentration at the shores of large oceans is typically 1 Bq/m 3. Radon trace concentration above oceans or in Antarctica can be lower than 0.1 Bq/m 3, [100] with changes in radon levels being used to track foreign pollutants. [101] 10: 0.27 Mean continental concentration in the open air: 10 to 30 Bq/m 3.
Working level (WL) is a historical unit of concentration of radioactive decay products of radon, applied to uranium mining environment. [1] One working level refers to the concentration of short-lived decay products of radon in equilibrium with 3,700 Bq/m 3 (100 pCi/L) in air. These decay products would emit 1.3 × 10 5 MeV in complete decay. [2]
The World Health Organization (WHO) sets the ideal indoor radon levels at 100 Bq/m-3. [97] In the United States, it is recommend to fix homes with radon levels at or above 4 pCi/L. At the same time it is also recommends that people think about fixing their homes for radon levels between 2 pCi/L and 4 pCi/L. [ 98 ] In the United Kingdom the ...
A typical radon test kit Fluctuation of ambient air radon concentration over one week, measured in a laboratory. The first step in mitigation is testing. No level of radiation is considered completely safe, but as it cannot be eliminated, governments around the world have set various action levels to provide guidance on when radon concentrations should be reduced.
There are 39 known isotopes of radon (86 Rn), from 193 Rn to 231 Rn; all are radioactive.The most stable isotope is 222 Rn with a half-life of 3.8235 days, which decays into 218 Po
Readings indicate radiation levels from all sources including background, and real-time readings are in general unvalidated, but correlation between independent detectors increases confidence in measured levels. List of near-real-time government radiation measurement sites, employing multiple instrument types:
For levels of 20 picocuries radon per liter of air (800 Bq/m 3) or higher, the home owner should consider some type of procedure to decrease indoor radon levels. [1] For instance, as radon has a half-life of four days, opening the windows once a day can cut the mean radon concentration to one fourth of its level.