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Attempts to tow the ship to Malta failed; her troops were taken off and the ship was scuttled. During the morning of 28 September, the convoy came into range of Malta-based fighters. The rest of the convoy reached Malta at 1:30 p.m. and landed 85,000 short tons (77,000 t) of supplies. Halberd was the last convoy operation of 1941.
The nameplate, ships wheel, ensign and several other objects of Ohio are preserved in Malta's National War Museum in Valletta. [citation needed] The arrival of Ohio at the Grand Harbour provided the climax of the 1953 British war film Malta Story [36] directed by Brian Desmond Hurst, starring Alec Guinness and Jack Hawkins.
Malta was a base for air, sea and submarine operations against Axis supply convoys and from 1 June to 31 October 1941, British forces sank about 220,000 long tons (220,000 t) of Axis shipping on the African convoy routes, 94,000 long tons (96,000 t) by the navy and 115,000 long tons (117,000 t) by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and Fleet Air Arm (FAA).
Francis Alonzo Dales (December 3, 1923 – March 29, 2003) was a cadet midshipman in the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy who served on the freighter SS Santa Elisa, and subsequently the tanker SS Ohio, during Operation Pedestal, a convoy to the besieged island of Malta in the Second World War.
Dudley William Mason GC (7 October 1901 – 26 April 1987) was the British master of the tanker SS Ohio during the Second World War. He commanded the tanker during Operation Pedestal, a convoy to relieve Malta. He was awarded the George Cross for this operation. [1]
Right after the engagement, which pushed the British convoy too far south of their route, Gallant struck a naval mine at 08:35. [8] Mohawk took Gallant in tow toward Malta while the Force B cruisers provided protection from air attacks. [5] Convoys MC 4 and MW 5 arrived at Malta and convoy ME 6 departed for Alexandria. [3]
Operation MB8 was a British Royal Navy operation in the Mediterranean Sea from 4 to 11 November 1940. It was made up of six forces comprising two aircraft carriers, five battleships, 10 cruisers and 30 destroyers, including much of Force H from Gibraltar, protecting four supply convoys.
Operation Halberd was at the time the largest Malta supply effort of the war. [1] Nine merchant ships carrying 81,000 tons of military equipment and supplies sailed from Liverpool on 16 September and from the Clyde on 17 September as part of convoy WS (Winston Specials) 11X, passing Gibraltar on 24 September 1941, with a close escort under the command of Rear-Admiral Harold Burrough. [2]