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Causes of habitat fragmentation include geological processes that slowly alter the layout of the physical environment [3] (suspected of being one of the major causes of speciation [3]), and human activity such as land conversion, which can alter the environment much faster and causes the extinction of many species.
The process through which ecosystem decay occurs can be long and complicated or short and hasty. Overall, it still follows some basic guidelines. First, a piece of habitat is surrounded and thus isolated by farmland or cities. Secondly, pollination of the plants immediately ceases and the number of species thins out.
Fragmentation can be the cause of natural forces or human actions, although in modern times, human activity is the most common cause. [2] Some general causes of fragmentation are: the development of land around a protected area, even through the addition of a single road lane or fence line,
Habitat degradation, fragmentation, and pollution are aspects of habitat destruction caused by humans that do not necessarily involve over destruction of habitat, yet result in habitat collapse. Desertification , deforestation , and coral reef degradation are specific types of habitat destruction for those areas ( deserts , forests , coral reefs ).
Habitat fragmentation can be caused by roads. When humans start to cut down the trees for logging, secondary roads are created that will go unused after its primary use. Once abandoned, the plants of the rainforest will find it difficult to grow back in that area. [37] Forest fragmentation also opens the path for illegal hunting.
Fragmentation and loss of habitat have become one of the most important topics of research in ecology as they are major threats to the survival of endangered species. [ 116 ] For example, habitat loss is one of the causes in the decline of insect populations (see the section below on insects ).
Habitat conservation is a management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitats and prevent species extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range. [1] It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology .
Causes of habitat fragmentation include geological processes that slowly alter the layout of the physical environment [56] (suspected of being one of the major causes of speciation [56]), and human activity such as land conversion, which can alter the environment much faster and causes the extinction of many species. More specifically, habitat ...