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CH 4 + Cl 2 → CH 3 Cl + HCl CH 3 Cl + Cl 2 → CH 2 Cl 2 + HCl CH 2 Cl 2 + Cl 2 → CHCl 3 + HCl CHCl 3 + Cl 2 → CCl 4 + HCl. The output of these processes is a mixture of chloromethane, dichloromethane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride as well as hydrogen chloride as a byproduct. These compounds are separated by distillation.
Structure and properties Index of refraction, [1] n D: 1.4242 Abbe number? Dielectric constant, [2] ε r: 9.08 ε 0 at 20 °C Dipole moment, [3] 1.62 D Bond strength? Bond length? Bond angle? Magnetic susceptibility? Surface tension [4] 26.52 dyn/cm at 20 °C Viscosity [5] 0.449 mPa·s at 15 °C 0.393 mPa·s at 30 °C
[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
Chloroethane, commonly known as ethyl chloride, is a chemical compound with chemical formula CH 3 CH 2 Cl, once widely used in producing tetraethyllead, a gasoline additive. It is a colorless, flammable gas or refrigerated liquid with a faintly sweet odor. [11]
Structure and properties Index of refraction, [1] n D: 1.4448 Abbe number? Dielectric constant, [2] ε r: 10.5 ε 0 at 20 °C Bond strength? Bond length? Bond angle? Magnetic susceptibility? Surface tension [3] 40.05 mN/m at 10 °C 38.75 mN/m at 20 °C 28.4 mN/m at 100 °C Viscosity [4] 1.1322 mPa·s at 0 °C 0.8385 mPa·s at 20 °C 0.6523 mPa ...
The chemical compound 1,2-dichloroethane, commonly known as ethylene dichloride (EDC), is a chlorinated hydrocarbon. It is a colourless liquid with a chloroform -like odour . The most common use of 1,2-dichloroethane is in the production of vinyl chloride , which is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes, furniture and automobile ...
Chloroacetic acid is chemical intermediate for production of various pharmaceuticals and insecticides. Trichloroacetic acid is used for various analytic tests in biochemistry. In sufficient concentration it will cause protein, DNA and RNA to precipitate out of solution. The sodium salt of trichloroacetic acid is used as a weedkiller.
Illustrative of its reactivity is its cyanation to allyl cyanide (CH 2 =CHCH 2 CN). [8] Being a reactive alkyl halide, it undergoes reductive coupling to give diallyl: [9] 2 ClCH 2 CH=CH 2 + Mg → (CH 2) 2 (CH=CH 2) 2 + MgCl 2. It undergoes oxidative addition to palladium(0) to give allylpalladium chloride dimer, (C 3 H 5) 2 Pd 2 Cl 2 ...