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  2. Philippine Constabulary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Constabulary

    Two Constables posing for a photo in the New York Tribune in 1905. Philippine Constabulary in 1910. The Philippine Constabulary (PC) was established on August 18, 1901, under the general supervision of the civil Governor-General of the Philippines, by the authority of Act. No. 175 of the Second Philippine Commission, to maintain peace, law, and order in the various provinces of the Philippine ...

  3. Philippine National Police - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_National_Police

    The Philippine National Police (PNP; Filipino: Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas [4]) is the national police force of the Philippines. Its national headquarters is located at Camp Crame in Bagong Lipunan ng Crame, Quezon City. Currently, it has approximately 228,000 personnel to police a population in excess of 100 million.

  4. Philippine Constabulary Metropolitan Command - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Constabulary...

    On July 8, 1974, President Marcos issued Presidential Decree No. 421, making MetroCom the basis for a regional police command for the future Metro Manila region. [3] All local police departments within the capital area were joined under national government control as the Metropolitan Police Force (MPF) and overseen by the commander of MetroCom.

  5. Political history of the Philippines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_history_of_the...

    [7]: 1076 While they rejected proposals for a federal system or autonomy in favor of a more easily controlled centralized system, [27]: 179 [28]: 48 the Americans gave Filipinos limited self-government at the local level by 1901, [32]: 150–151 holding the first municipal elections, [33] and passed the Philippine Organic Act in 1902 to ...

  6. Integrated National Police - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_National_Police

    Until the mid-1970s, the independent city and municipal police forces took charge of maintaining peace and order on a local level, and when necessary was reinforced by the Philippine Constabulary, the national gendarmerie that was a major branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. The National Police Commission was established in 1966 to ...

  7. Security sector governance and reform in the Philippines

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_sector_governance...

    In the Philippines, security sector reform (SSR) is focused on "core security actors" that are allowed by the State to use violence in the performance of their mandates: most prominently the Armed Forces of the Philippines, Philippine National Police, and the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG), but also the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA); the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI ...

  8. Militarization of police - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militarization_of_police

    Many of these reforms were influenced by practices from the Philippine–American War and subsequent U.S. occupation of the Philippines. [53] An influential advocate for these police reforms was August Vollmer, who has been described as the "father of modern policing". [53] Vollmer devised syllabi which were used in police training courses. [53]

  9. History of the Philippines (1565–1898) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines...

    The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.