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Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a group of techniques based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to image blood vessels. Magnetic resonance angiography is used to generate images of arteries (and less commonly veins) in order to evaluate them for stenosis (abnormal narrowing), occlusions, aneurysms (vessel wall dilatations, at risk of rupture) or other abnormalities.
Emboli break off from the plaque and travel through the circulation to blood vessels in the brain. As the vessels get smaller, an embolus can lodge in the vessel wall and restrict the blood flow to parts of the brain. This ischemia can either be temporary, yielding a transient ischemic attack (TIA), or permanent resulting in a thromboembolic ...
Rapid reduction of blood glucose in diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state. [18] [21] Hemodialysis has been associated with ionic edema and cellular swelling. [18] Cerebral edema is a potentially life-threatening complication of severely decreased sodium ion concentration in the blood (hyponatremia). [17]
Vascular occlusion is a blockage of a blood vessel, usually with a clot. It differs from thrombosis in that it can be used to describe any form of blockage, not just one formed by a clot. When it occurs in a major vein , it can, in some cases, cause deep vein thrombosis .
Symptoms: Pain, weakness, loss of muscle at the base of the thumb, swelling, paleness, bluish coloration [1] [2] Usual onset: 20 to 50 years of age [1] Types: Neurogenic, venous, arterial [1] Causes: Compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the superior thoracic aperture (thoracic outlet), the passageway from the lower neck to the ...
The increase in pulse pressure may result in increased damage to blood vessels in target organs such as the brain or kidneys. [23] [24] This effect may be exaggerated if the increase in arterial stiffness results in reduced wave reflection and more propagation of the pulsatile pressure into the microcirculation. [23]
Buerger's disease – inflammation and swelling in small blood vessels, causing the vessels to narrow or become blocked by blood clots. [18] Raynaud syndrome – a peripheral vascular disorder that causes constriction of the peripheral blood vessels in the fingers and toes when a person is cold or experiencing stress. [19]
The underlying mechanism involves inflammation of the small blood vessels that supply the walls of larger arteries. [4] This mainly affects arteries around the head and neck, though some in the chest may also be affected. [4] [8] Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms, blood tests, and medical imaging, and confirmed by biopsy of the temporal ...