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The Chipko movement (Hindi: चिपको आन्दोलन, lit. 'hugging movement') is a forest conservation movement in India. Opposed to commercial logging and the government's policies on deforestation, protesters in the 1970s engaged in tree hugging , wrapping their arms around trees so that they could not be felled.
The Khejarli Massacre was an inspiration for the 20th century environmentalist Chipko movement. [7] Several temples and a cenotaph in Khejarli commemorates the massacre, and the village is the site of an annual Bishnoi ceremony held in honour of the event. [6]
Khejarli was the site of a forebear of the Chipko movement. On 12 september 1730, a royal party led by Giridhar Bhandari, a minister of the maharajah of Marwar, arrived at the village with the intention of felling some khejri trees that were sacred to the villagers. The trees were to be burned to produce lime for the construction of a new palace.
Sunderlal Bahuguna (9 January 1927 – 21 May 2021) was an Indian environmentalist and Chipko movement leader. The idea of the Chipko movement was suggested by his wife Vimla Bahuguna and him. He fought for the preservation of forests in the Himalayas, first as a member of the Chipko movement in the 1970s, and later spearheaded the anti-Tehri ...
Gaura Devi came to the forefront of the Chipko movement in 1974. On 25 March 1974, she was told by a young girl that local loggers were cutting trees near their village. The men of Reni village had been tricked out of the village by news that the government was going to pay out compensation for land used by the army. [1]
Her act of bravery is commemorated by the Bishnoi community every year, and inspired the Chipko movement in the 1970s. [8] The Government of India instituted the Amrita Devi Bishnoi National Award for individuals or communities from rural areas that have shown extraordinary courage and dedication in protecting wildlife. [9] [10]
This initiative was eventually followed up with the Chipko movement starting in 1974. [73] [74] The most severe single event underpinning the movement was the Bhopal gas leakage on 3 December 1984. [75] 40 tons of methyl isocyanate was released, immediately killing 2,259 people and ultimately affecting 700,000 citizens.
It inspired the Chipko movement of Uttarakhand. The Bishnoi community took Bollywood actor Salman Khan to court for allegedly killing two blackbucks during a movie shoot near Jodhpur, Rajasthan, in 1998. [1] [2] [6] [11] [12]