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' "not is" ') are in fact the affirmative and negative forms of the same verb 'हो' (ho; lit. ' "is" ') and hence is only used when the question asked contains said verb. [55] In other contexts, one must repeat the affirmative or negative forms of the verb being asked, for instance "तिमीले खाना खायौँ?"
As a practical matter, Modern English typically uses a copula verb (a form of be) or an auxiliary verb with not. If no other auxiliary verb is present, then dummy auxiliary do (does, did) is normally introduced – see do-support. For example, (8) a. I have gone (affirmative) b. I have not gone (negative; have is the auxiliary) (9) a. He goes ...
[a] The predicate must contain a verb, and the verb requires or permits other elements to complete the predicate, or else precludes them from doing so. These elements are objects (direct, indirect, prepositional), predicatives, and adjuncts: She dances. — Verb-only predicate. Ben reads the book. — Verb-plus-direct-object predicate.
Most verbs have three or four inflected forms in addition to the base form: a third-person singular present tense form in -(e)s (writes, botches), a present participle and gerund form in -ing (writing), a past tense (wrote), and – though often identical to the past tense form – a past participle (written).
The English modal auxiliary verbs are a subset of the English auxiliary verbs used mostly to express modality, properties such as possibility and obligation. [a] They can most easily be distinguished from other verbs by their defectiveness (they do not have participles or plain forms [b]) and by their lack of the ending ‑(e)s for the third-person singular.
In addition, some verb forms contract with enclitic object pronouns: e.g., the verb amar (to love) combines with the pronoun a (her), giving amá-la (to love her). Another contraction in Portuguese that is similar to English ones is the combination of the pronoun da with words starting in a , resulting in changing the first letter a for an ...
Such forms are used very frequently in informal English. Do-support is required for negated imperatives even when the verb is the copula be: Do not do that. Don't be silly. However, there is no do-support with non-finite verb forms, as they are negated by a preceding not: It would be a crime not to help him (the infinitive to help is negated)
"Absent antonyms" at 2Wheels: The Return; Words with no opposite equivalent, posted by James Briggs on April 2, 2003, at The Phrase Finder; Brev Is the Soul of Wit, Ben Schott, The New York Times, April 19, 2010; Parker, J. H. "The Mystery of The Vanished Positive" in Daily Mail, Annual for Boys and Girls, 1953, Ed.