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Sculpture of a chainmail-armoured, torc-wearing Gallic warrior wielding a Celtic shield, although depicted in the Greco-Roman style, from Vachères, France, 1st century BC [11] Descriptions of battles against various Gallic tribes, heavily contrasts the popular picture of the wild and naked Celtic warrior.
Gaelic shields were usually round, with a spindle shaped boss, though later the regular iron boss models were introduced by the Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and Normans. A few shields were also oval in shape or square, but most of the native shields were small and round, like bucklers, to better enable agility and a quick escape.
The Kiltubbrid Shield is a Bronze Age wooden shield from Ireland, discovered during the 19th century in the townland of Kiltubbrid, County Leitrim.It is probably the only perfect article of its description found in Europe, [1] and dates from the Bronze Age, [2] although it has been thought it dates from late Celtic (La Tène) period.
A bleeding sword puncture is visible in his lower right chest. The warrior is represented with characteristic Celtic hairstyle and moustache with a Celtic torc around his neck. He sits on his shield while his sword, belt and curved trumpet lie beside him. The sword hilt bears a lion's head. The present base is a 17th-century addition.
The word kern is an anglicisation of the Middle Irish word ceithern [ˈkʲeθʲern] or ceithrenn meaning a collection of persons, particularly fighting men. An individual member is a ceithernach. [1] The word may derive from a conjectural proto-Celtic word *keternā, ultimately from an Indo-European root meaning a chain. [2]
The name Gaisatai literally means '(armed) with javelins' or 'spearmen'. It derives from the Gaulish noun *gaisos, meaning 'spear, javelin', attested in latin as gaesum. [6] [2] [7] Ancient Greek historian Polybius interpreted Gaisatai as meaning 'mercenaries', writing: "[they] called Gaesatae because they serve for hire, this being the proper meaning of the word".
The Battersea Shield is one of the most significant pieces of ancient Celtic art found in Britain. It is a sheet bronze covering of a (now vanished) wooden shield decorated in La Tène style . The shield is on display in the British Museum , and a replica is housed in the Museum of London .
The thureos was probably originally an adapted form of a Celtic shield. Thracian and Illyrian infantry probably adopted the shield before the Greeks . However, it has been suggested that the thureos was brought to Greece after Pyrrhus of Epirus ' campaigns in Italy, as his Oscan allies and Roman enemies used the scutum .