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Engine Origin Designer Vehicle Status Use Propellant Power cycle Specific impulse (s) [a] Thrust (N) [a] Chamber pressure (bar) Mass (kg) Thrust: weight ratio [b] Oxidiser: fuel ratio
The following chart shows the number of launch systems developed in each country, and broken down by operational status. Rocket variants are not distinguished; i.e., the Atlas V series is only counted once for all its configurations 401–431, 501–551, 552, and N22.
An unguided surface-to-surface missile is usually referred to as a rocket (for example, an RPG-7 or M72 LAW is an anti-tank rocket), whereas a BGM-71 TOW or AT-2 Swatter is an anti-tank guided missile. Examples of surface-to-surface missile include the MGM-140 ATACMS [2] and the Scud family of missiles. [3]
Nulka is an Australian-designed and -developed active missile decoy built by an American/Australian collaboration. [1] [2] Used aboard warships of the United States Navy, Royal Australian Navy, United States Coast Guard and Royal Canadian Navy, [3] Nulka is a rocket-propelled, disposable, offboard, active decoy designed to lure anti-ship missiles away from their targets.
The first launched on a Proton rocket on 9 October 2019, and did a rendezvous with Intelsat-901 on 25 February 2020. It will remain with the satellite until 2025 before the satellite is moved to a final graveyard orbit and the vehicle does a rendezvous with another satellite. The other one launched on an Ariane 5 rocket on 15 August 2020.
The earliest space vehicles were expendable launch systems, using a single or multistage rocket to carry a relatively small spacecraft in proportion to the total vehicle size and mass. [1] An early exception to this, the Space Shuttle , consisted of a reusable orbital vehicle carrying crew and payload, supported by an expendable external ...
Channels etched into the Merlin 1D nozzle enable regenerative cooling preventing exhaust heat from melting it.. Since the founding of SpaceX in 2002, the company has developed four families of rocket engines — Merlin, Kestrel, Draco and SuperDraco — and since 2016 developed the Raptor methane rocket engine and after 2020, a line of methalox thrusters.
VTVL rocket concepts were studied by Philip Bono of Douglas Aircraft Co. in the 1960s. [4] Apollo Lunar Module was a 1960s two-stage VTVL vehicle for landing and taking off from the Moon. Australia's Defence Science and Technology Group successfully launched the Hoveroc rocket on 2 May 1981 in a test at Port Wakefield, South Australia. [5]