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In organic chemistry, a hydrate is a compound formed by the hydration, i.e. "Addition of water or of the elements of water (i.e. H and OH) to a molecular entity". [5] For example: ethanol , CH 3 −CH 2 −OH , is the product of the hydration reaction of ethene , CH 2 =CH 2 , formed by the addition of H to one C and OH to the other C, and so ...
NMR is the most informative technique for determining hydration numbers in solution. 1 H and 17 O NMR signals, even for paramagnetic species, can be interpreted to give information on hydration number.
If the hydration energy is greater than the lattice energy, then the enthalpy of solution is negative (heat is released), otherwise it is positive (heat is absorbed). [3]The hydration energy should not be confused with solvation energy, which is the change in Gibbs free energy (not enthalpy) as solute in the gaseous state is dissolved. [4]
In chemistry, a hydration reaction is a chemical reaction in which a substance combines with water. In organic chemistry, water is added to an unsaturated substrate, which is usually an alkene or an alkyne. This type of reaction is employed industrially to produce ethanol, isopropanol, and butan-2-ol. [1]
A salt with associated water of crystallization is known as a hydrate. The structure of hydrates can be quite elaborate, because of the existence of hydrogen bonds that define polymeric structures. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Historically, the structures of many hydrates were unknown, and the dot in the formula of a hydrate was employed to specify the ...
Glutaraldehyde is an organic compound with the formula (CH 2) 3 (CHO) 2.The molecule consists of a five carbon chain doubly terminated with formyl (CHO) groups. It is usually used as a solution in water, and such solutions exists as a collection of hydrates, cyclic derivatives, and condensation products, several of which interconvert.
In inorganic chemistry, mineral hydration is a reaction which adds water to the crystal structure of a mineral, usually creating a new mineral, commonly called a hydrate.. In geological terms, the process of mineral hydration is known as retrograde alteration and is a process occurring in retrograde metamorphism.
Hydration may refer to: . Hydrate, a substance that contains water; Hydration enthalpy, energy released through hydrating a substance; Hydration reaction, a chemical addition reaction where a hydroxyl group and proton are added to a compound