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The Latin specific epithet caprea means "goat". [5] This, and the common name goat willow, probably derive from the first known illustration of the species in Hieronymus Bock's 1546 Herbal, where the plant is shown being browsed by a goat. The species was historically also widely used as a browse for goats, to which Bock's illustration may refer.
An aqueous extract of willow bark is used as a fungicide in the European Union. The willow bark extract is approved as a 'basic substance' product in the European Union and United Kingdom for the control of scab, leaf peach curl and powdery mildew on grapes, apples and peach crops. [55]
The bark of white willow contains salicin, which is a chemical similar to aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). It is thought to be responsible for the pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory effects of the herb. In 1829, salicin was used to develop aspirin. White willow appears to be slower than aspirin to bring pain relief, but the analgesia may last ...
Salicin is produced in (and named after) willow (Salix) bark. It is a biosynthetic precursor to salicylaldehyde. [4] Salicin hydrolyses into β-d-glucose and salicyl alcohol (saligenin). Salicyl alcohol can be oxidized into salicylaldehyde and salicylate, both biologically and industrially.
An extract of willow bark, called salicin, after the Latin name for the white willow , was isolated and named by German chemist Johann Andreas Buchner in 1828. [41] A larger amount of the substance was isolated in 1829 by Henri Leroux, a French pharmacist. [42]
Salix scouleriana seed. Salix scouleriana is a deciduous shrub or small tree, depending on the environment, usually with multiple stems that reach 2 to 7 metres (6 + 1 ⁄ 2 to 23 ft) in height in dry, cold, high elevations, and other difficult environments, and 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 ft) or more in favorable sites.
Dioscorides, in the first century AD, described the use of an extract of what might have been willow bark (a plant he called Itea), [13] 'being burnt to ashes, and steeped in vinegar,' [14] for taking away 'corns and other like risings in the feet and toes.' The active ingredient in this mixture could have been salicylic acid, but it is a ...
Bartram's 1998 Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine [7] is perhaps typical when it states, 'in 1838 chemists identified salicylic acid in the bark of White Willow. After many years, it was synthesised as acetylsalicylic acid, now known as aspirin.' It goes on to claim that willow extract has the same medical properties as aspirin, which is incorrect.
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