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Alfonso the Great (848–910), king of León, Galicia and Asturias. The Kingdom of León [a] was an independent kingdom situated in the northwest region of the Iberian Peninsula. It was founded in 910 when the Christian princes of Asturias along the northern coast of the peninsula shifted their capital from Oviedo to the city of León. [2]
The circumstances are uncertain, but after his death, Alfonso’s death, his kingdom was divided among his three sons, with his eldest, García I receiving the new kingdom of León, his middle son Ordoño receiving the new kingdom of Galicia, and his youngest Fruela what remained of Asturias.
After the assassination in 1029 of Count García Sánchez of Castile, King Sancho III of Pamplona, because of his marriage to Muniadona, García's sister, governed the county although he never held the title of count: [1] it was his son, Ferdinand Sánchez, the future King Ferdinand I of León who inherited the county from his mother. [2]
In 1162 Ferdinand II conquered Toledo from Castile and placed it in the hands of Fernando Rodríguez as governor. Toledo remained a Leonese possession until 1166. [ 5 ] In 1164 Fernando returned to Castile a second time with an army and killed Manrique Pérez de Lara in the Battle of Huete (June/July). [ 2 ]
Ferdinand on his death had divided his kingdoms among his three sons Sancho, Alfonso, and Garcia (elevating the Kingdom of Galicia for Garcia). This division did not endure, as they immediately went to war with each other, first Sancho and Alfonso against Garcia, then Sancho against Alfonso, with Sancho victorious and king of all of the realms ...
Ferdinand I (c. 1015 – 24 December [1] 1065), called the Great (el Magno), was the count of Castile from his uncle's death in 1029 and the king of León after defeating his brother-in-law in 1037. According to tradition, he was the first to have himself crowned Emperor of Spain (1056), and his heirs carried on the tradition.
The Victory Cross, a symbol of the Astur-Leonese dynasty. The Asturian or Astur-Leonese dynasty (Spanish dinastía asturiana or astur-leonesa, Asturian dinastía asturllionesa), known in Arabic as the Banī Adhfūnsh ("sons of Alfonso"), [1] was the ruling family of the kingdom of Asturias and León from 739 until 1037.
The Kingdoms of Asturias, Galicia, León, and Castile were united under Ferdinand III, heir of León through his father Alfonso IX, and of Castile through his mother Berengaria. In the same way Catalonia and Aragon entered into a personal union by the marriage of Ramon Berenguer IV with Doña Petronila , daughter of Ramiro the Monk, of Aragón.