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Human endogenous retrovirus K endopeptidase (EC 3.4.23.50, human endogenous retrovirus K10 endopeptidase, endogenous retrovirus HERV-K10 putative protease, human endogenous retrovirus K retropepsin, HERV K10 endopeptidase, HERV K10 retropepsin, HERV-K PR, HERV-K protease, HERV-K113 protease, human endogenous retrovirus K113 protease, human retrovirus K10 retropepsin) is an enzyme derived from ...
A retrovirus is a type of virus that inserts a DNA copy of its RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the genome of that cell. [2] After invading a host cell's cytoplasm, the virus uses its own reverse transcriptase enzyme to produce DNA from its RNA genome, the reverse of the usual pattern, thus retro (backward).
Retroviral integrase (IN) is an enzyme produced by a retrovirus (such as HIV) that integrates (forms covalent links between) its genetic information into that of the host cell it infects. [1] Retroviral INs are not to be confused with phage integrases ( recombinases ) used in biotechnology , such as λ phage integrase, as discussed in site ...
Env genes are found in LTR retrotransposon types Ty1-copia (Pseudoviridae), Ty3-gypsy (Metaviridae) and BEL/Pao. [9] [8] They encode glycoproteins on the retrovirus envelope needed for entry into the host cell. Retroviruses can move between cells whereas LTR retrotransposons can only move themselves into the genome of the same cell. [10]
The replication cycle of a retrovirus entails the insertion ("integration") of a DNA copy of the viral genome into the nuclear genome of the host cell.Most retroviruses infect somatic cells, but occasional infection of germline cells (cells that produce eggs and sperm) can also occur.
Identical LTR sequences at either end of a retrotransposon. A long terminal repeat (LTR) is a pair of identical sequences of DNA, several hundred base pairs long, which occur in eukaryotic genomes on either end of a series of genes or pseudogenes that form a retrotransposon or an endogenous retrovirus or a retroviral provirus.
Reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme that controls the replication of the genetic material of HIV and other retroviruses. [1] The enzyme has two enzymatic functions. Firstly it acts as a polymerase where it transcribes the single-stranded RNA genome into single-stranded DNA and subsequently builds a complementary strand o
It is the only group that reported to contain human-specific members of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). [22] HERV-K is receptive to microenvironmental modifications and melanoma cells are closely correlated with epigenetic and microenvironmental anomalies. Also the association of HERV-K activation with carcinogenesis is especially interesting. [23]