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The canon of the New Testament is the set of books many modern Christians regard as divinely inspired and constituting the New Testament of the Christian Bible.For most churches, the canon is an agreed-upon list of 27 books [1] that includes the canonical Gospels, Acts, letters attributed to various apostles, and Revelation.
The creation of a literalist chronology of the Bible faces several hurdles, of which the following are the most significant: . There are different texts of the Jewish Bible, the major text-families being: the Septuagint, a Greek translation of the original Hebrew scriptures made in the last few centuries before Christ; the Masoretic text, a version of the Hebrew text curated by the Jewish ...
The New Testament includes four canonical gospels, (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) but there are many gospels not included in the biblical canon. [3] These additional gospels are referred to as either New Testament apocrypha or pseudepigrapha. [4] [5] Some of these texts have impacted Christian traditions, including many forms of iconography.
The order in which the books of the New Testament appear differs between some collections and ecclesiastical traditions. In the Latin West, prior to the Vulgate (an early 5th-century Latin version of the Bible), the four Gospels were arranged in the following order: Matthew, John, Luke, and Mark.
Paul of Tarsus, "Apostle to the Gentiles", earliest New Testament author 45~65; Four Evangelists, traditionally identified as the authors of the canonical gospels 60~125; Ignatius, bishop of Antioch, apostolic father 68~107; Marcion of Sinope, evangelist and theologian, founder of Marcionism, published the first known canon of the New Testament ...
Those established the Catholic biblical canon consisting of 46 books in the Old Testament and 27 books in the New Testament for a total of 73 books. [20] [21] [a] [23] The canons of the Church of England and English Presbyterians were decided definitively by the Thirty-Nine Articles (1563) and the Westminster Confession of Faith (1647 ...
"Gospels" is the standard term for the four New Testament books carrying the names of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, each recounting the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth (including his dealings with John the Baptist, his trial and execution, the discovery of his empty tomb, and, at least in three of them, his appearances to his disciples after his death).
Major focuses for these theologians during the period are, in chronological order: [19] Christianity's relationship with Judaism; Establishment of the New Testament canon; Apologetics (the 'defense' or 'explanation' of Christianity) Doctrinal discussions that sought to achieve consistency of faith, in particular within the Christianized Roman ...