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Immunisation against infectious disease, popularly known as The Green Book, provides information on vaccines for vaccine-preventable diseases. It acts as a guide to the UK's vaccination schedule for health professionals and health departments that give vaccines in the United Kingdom. The first two editions were published in 1992 and 1996.
The committee was established in 1963, having been until then an advisory board for polio immunisation. [1] It gained statutory status as the Standing Advisory Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation, a non-departmental public body [2] advising the Secretary of State for Social Services and the Secretary of State for Wales, under the National Health Service (Standing Advisory Committees ...
The vaccination schedule in Japan is defined and partially recommended by Immunization Act (Japanese: 予防接種法) and its related cabinet order (Japanese: 予防接種法施行令). [ 14 ] [ 15 ] By the combined laws, infections are categorized into two groups: Category A is recommended for vaccination to prevent pandemic whereas Category ...
The NHS was established within the differing nations of the United Kingdom through differing legislation, and as such there has never been a singular British healthcare system, instead there are 4 health services in the United Kingdom; NHS England, the NHS Scotland, HSC Northern Ireland and NHS Wales, which were run by the respective UK government ministries for each home nation before falling ...
NICE was established in an attempt to end the so-called postcode lottery of healthcare in England and Wales, where availability of treatments depended on the NHS Health Authority area in which the patient happened to live, but it has since acquired a high reputation internationally as a role model for the development of clinical guidelines.
Ophthalmic antihistamines (such as azelastine in eye drop form and ketotifen) are used for conjunctivitis, while intranasal forms are used mainly for sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal pruritus. [ 52 ] Antihistamine drugs can have undesirable side-effects, the most notable one being drowsiness in the case of oral antihistamine tablets.
[2] 75% of conjunctivitis cases are due to adenovirus infection. [13] In 2016, the Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that globally, around 75 million episodes of diarrhea among children under the age of five-years, were attributable to adenovirus infection. [12] The first adenoviral strains were isolated in 1953 by Rowe et al. [14]
A conjugate vaccine is a type of subunit vaccine which combines a weak antigen with a strong antigen as a carrier so that the immune system has a stronger response to the weak antigen. Vaccines are used to prevent diseases by invoking an immune response to an antigen, part of a bacterium or virus that the immune system recognizes. [ 2 ]