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A Soviet infantryman escorts German prisoners of war captured at Königsberg into captivity. Almost 80% of the city was destroyed; first by the Royal Air Force in August 1944, and then by Soviet shelling in April 1945. During the operation the main forces of German East Prussia group were destroyed.
A Sambian leader, Nalube of Quednau, destroyed the initial settlement of Königsberg, later known as Steindamm, in 1262. Townspeople unable to reach safety in Königsberg Castle were slain or taken prisoner. [1] The Knights had enough food and supply to last until Summer 1262 when they expected relief delivered via the Pregel River.
Königsberg (/ ˈ k ɜː n ɪ ɡ z b ɜːr ɡ /, German: [ˈkøːnɪçsbɛʁk] ⓘ; lit. ' King's mountain ' ; Polish : Królewiec ; Lithuanian : Karaliaučius ; Baltic Prussian : Kunnegsgarbs ; Russian : Кёнигсберг , romanized : Kyónigsberg , IPA: [ˈkʲɵnʲɪɡzbʲɪrk] ) is the historic German and Prussian name of the medieval ...
The bombing of Königsberg was a series of attacks made on the city of Königsberg in East Prussia during World War II. The Soviet Air Force had made several raids on the city since 1941. Extensive attacks carried out by RAF Bomber Command destroyed most of the city's historic quarters in the summer of 1944.
Königsberg was preceded by a Sambian (Old Prussian tribe) fort called Twangste (Prussian word tvinksta means "a pond made by a dam"). [18] During the conquest of the Sambians by the Teutonic Knights in 1255, Twangste was destroyed and replaced by a new fortress named Königsberg in honor of Bohemian king Ottokar II.
The Königsberg Castle (German: Königsberger Schloss, Russian: Кёнигсбергский замок, romanized: Konigsbergskiy zamok) was one of the landmarks of the city of Königsberg (since 1946 Kaliningrad, Russia). It was the seat of the King of Prussia, who was by extension the Emperor (Kaiser) of the German Empire.
The main thrust of the offensive was to be conducted by the 3rd Belorussian Front under Ivan Chernyakhovsky.His forces were tasked with driving westwards towards Königsberg, against the defensive positions of the 3rd Panzer Army and 4th Army, the northern armies of Generaloberst Georg-Hans Reinhardt's Army Group Centre.
In late August 1944, British bombers carried out two-night raids on Königsberg. The first raid, on 26/27 August, largely missed the city, but the second raid, on 29/30, destroyed most of the old part of Königsberg (including Kneiphof), and the cathedral was hit. The part of the cathedral directly underneath the spire (today's Lutheran chapel ...