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Logical consequence, also known as a consequence relation, or entailment; Consequent, in logic, the second half of a hypothetical proposition or consequences; Consequentialism, a theory in philosophy in which the morality of an act is determined by its effects; Unintended consequences; Consequence, in operant conditioning, a result of some behavior
When referring to hypothetical future circumstance, there may be little difference in meaning between the first and second conditional (factual vs. counterfactual, realis vs. irrealis). The following two sentences have similar meaning, although the second (with the second conditional) implies less likelihood that the condition will be fulfilled:
The accounts discussed above all yield monotonic consequence relations, i.e. ones such that if is a consequence of , then is a consequence of any superset of . It is also possible to specify non-monotonic consequence relations to capture the idea that, e.g., 'Tweety can fly' is a logical consequence of
Consequence class 3, high consequences of failure: All buildings defined above as Class 2 Lower and Upper Consequences Class that exceed the limits on area and number of storeys. All buildings to which members of the public are admitted in significant numbers. Stadia accommodating more than 5000 spectators.
In philosophy, the consequence argument is an argument against compatibilism popularised by American philosopher Peter van Inwagen. The argument claims that if agents have no control over the facts of the past, then the agent has no control of the consequences of those facts.
Influenced by 19th century positivism [5] and Charles Darwin's evolution, for both Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx, the idea of uncertainty and chance in social dynamics (and thus unintended consequences beyond results of perfectly defined laws) was only apparent, (if not rejected) since social actions were directed and produced by deliberate human intention.
The consequent in a hypothetical proposition is not necessarily a consequence of the antecedent. If monkeys are purple, then fish speak Klingon. "Fish speak Klingon" is the consequent here, but intuitively is not a consequence of (nor does it have anything to do with) the claim made in the antecedent that "monkeys are purple".
A collateral consequence may simply be one that is beyond the scope of consideration. These are as opposed to direct consequences, which stem from the action in an anticipated manner. For example, picture a person starting a farm. The direct consequences of this farm's development are revenue for the farmer, produce for consumers, etc.