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Philemon was a wealthy Christian and a minister (possibly a bishop). [ 6 ] The Menaia of 22 November speak of Philemon as a holy apostle who, in company with Apphia, Archippus, and Onesimus , had been martyred at Colossae during the first general persecution in the reign of Nero . [ 5 ]
According to O'Brien, the fact that Philemon's name is mentioned first, together with the use of the phrase "in your house" in verse 2, makes it unlikely that Archippus was the primary addressee. [11] Knox further argued that the letter was intended to be read aloud in the Colossian church in order to put pressure on Archippus.
Onesimus (Ancient Greek: Ὀνήσιμος, romanized: Onēsimos, meaning "useful"; died c. 107 AD, according to Catholic tradition), [1] also called Onesimus of Byzantium and The Holy Apostle Onesimus in the Eastern Orthodox Church, [2] was a slave [3] to Philemon, a man of Christian faith.
They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change.
Philemon is a given name. In the Bible, the Epistle to Philemon is addressed to Saint Philemon. Others so named include: Philemon (poet) (ca. 362 BC–ca. 262 BC), Athenian poet and playwright of the New Comedy; Philemon the actor (died 305), a saint who was converted by Saint Appolonius; they were martyred together
In Paul's letter to Philemon (Philemon 1:2), Archippus is named once alongside Philemon and Apphia as a host of the church, and a "fellow soldier." In Colossians 4:17 (ascribed to Paul), the church is instructed to tell Archippus to "Take heed to the ministry which thou hast received in the Lord, that thou fulfil it."
11th-century manuscript of the Hebrew Bible with Targum, Exodus 12:25–31 The Franks Casket is an 8th-century Anglo-Saxon whalebone casket, the back of which depicts the enslavement of the Jewish people at the lower right. The Bible contains many references to slavery, which was a common practice in antiquity.
The Lanchester Marionettes created a puppet show Philemon and Baucis in 1952 [4] One of the cities in Italo Calvino's Invisible Cities (1972) is named after Baucis. Charles Frazier's novel, Cold Mountain (1997), ends with a reading of this myth. Film director Károly Makk sets his film Philemon és Baucis during the Hungarian uprising of 1956.