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The Cry of Pugad Lawin (Filipino: Sigaw sa Pugad Lawin, Spanish: Grito de Pugad Lawin) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. [1] In late August 1896, members of the Katipunan [a] led by Andrés Bonifacio revolted somewhere around Caloocan, which included parts of the present-day Quezon City. [2] [3]
[2] [3] It initially was installed at the site where the Balintawak Cloverleaf currently stands. Every August 26 until 1961, the Cry of Balintawak, which is widely regarded as the start of the Philippine Revolution, was commemorated at the site. In 1962, the observance's name was officially changed to "Cry of Pugad Lawin" and its date moved to ...
August 23 – Andres Bonifacio, along with his Katipuneros (Filipino revolutionaries), tear up their cedulas (personal identity documents) at the event known as the "Cry of Pugad Lawin". [1] August 25 – The revolutionaries are attacked by a unit of the Spanish Guardia Civil. [2]
From 1911 to 1962, the cry was thought to have emanated from Balintawak (now in modern-day Balingasa, Quezon City) on August 26. [4] In 1963, by recommendation of historian Teodoro Agoncillo, the date was changed to August 23, and the location was changed to Pugad Lawin in Caloocan (now in modern-day Gulod, Novaliches, Quezon City). [5]
Thus, the event is called the "Cry of Pugad Lawin" or "Cry of Balintawak". However, the issue is further complicated by other possible dates such as August 24 and 25 and other locations such as Kangkong, Bahay Toro and Pasong Tamo. Furthermore, at the time, "Balintawak" referred not only to a specific place, but also a general area that ...
The event is now known as the Cry of Balintawak or the Cry of Pugad Lawin, due to conflicting historical traditions and official government positions. [95] Andrés Bonifacio called for a general offensive on Manila [96] [97] and was defeated in battle at the town of San Juan del Monte.
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The event, marked by the tearing of cedulas (personal identity documents) was later called the "Cry of Balintawak" or "Cry of Pugad Lawin"; the exact location and date of the Cry are disputed. [ 70 ] [ 71 ] The Supreme Council of the Katipunan declared a nationwide armed revolution against Spain and called for a simultaneous coordinated attack ...