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On 27 July 1793, Robespierre was elected to the Committee of Public Safety, and would remain a member until his death. [5] During the months between September 1793 and July 1794, the Committee's power increased dramatically due to several measures instated during the Terror, such as the Law of Suspects, and the later Law of 14th Frimaire, becoming the de facto executive branch of the ...
However, Robespierre soon resigned, due to his ethical discomfort in adjudicating capital cases, stemming from his opposition to the death penalty. Robespierre was elected to the literary Academy of Arras in November 1783. [33]
53% of these were set free after initial examination by a judge, without a full trial, while a further 17% were tried and acquitted by a jury. 5% were convicted and sentenced to imprisonment or deportation, and 25% were sentenced to death. [30] From its formation up to September 1793, the Tribunal heard 260 cases and handed down 66 death penalties.
Robespierre refused and demanded immediate discussion. At his insistence the entire decree was voted on, clause by clause. It passed. [5] The next day, 11 June, when Robespierre was absent, Bourdon de l'Oise and Merlin de Douai put forward an amendment proclaiming the inalienable right of the Convention to impeach its own members. The amendment ...
Robespierre and associates executed 1794 Public execution by guillotine in Lons-le-Saunier, 1897. The first campaign towards the abolition of the death penalty began on 30 May 1791, but on 6 October that year the National Assembly refused to pass a law abolishing the death penalty.
On 20 May, Robespierre signed Theresa Cabarrus's arrest warrant, and on 23 May, following an attempted assassination on Collot d'Herbois, Cécile Renault was arrested near Robespierre's residence with two penknives and a change of underwear claiming the fresh linen was for her execution. [67] She was executed on 17 June. [68] [69] [70]
On 28 May, Robespierre proposed all Frenchmen should be declared active citizens and eligible to vote. [ 4 ] On 30 May, Robespierre delivered a speech on the abolishment of the death penalty but without success.
The Encyclopædia Britannica puts the number detained by the law at "more than 200,000," noting that most never stood trial although they languished in disease infested prisons where 10,000 perished, and military commissions and revolutionary tribunals gave death sentences to 17,000 others. [15]