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Motivating language theory (ML) is an academic theory within the broader field of communication. The theory was originally proposed by J. Sullivan in 1988 as a framework for studying effective communication from leaders to followers. [1] There are three types of languages used in leader communication: direction-giving, emotion-sharing, and ...
The term code, as defined by Stephen Littlejohn in Theories of Human Communication (2002), "refers to a set of organizing principles behind the language employed by members of a social group" (2002) suggests that Bernstein's theory shows how the language people use in everyday conversation both reflects and shapes the assumptions of a certain ...
Humanistic theories consider people as having an agentive role in the social construction of language. Language is primarily seen as a sociocultural phenomenon. This tradition emphasises culture, nurture, creativity and diversity. [8] A classical rationalist approach to language stems from the philosophy Age of Enlightenment. Rationalist ...
Communicative language teaching (CLT), or the communicative approach (CA), is an approach to language teaching that emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of study. Learners in environments using communication to learn and practice the target language by interactions with one another and the instructor, the study of ...
Communication theory is a proposed description of communication phenomena, the relationships among them, a storyline describing these relationships, and an argument for these three elements. Communication theory provides a way of talking about and analyzing key events, processes, and commitments that together form communication.
Frank Dance's helical model of communication was initially published in his 1967 book Human Communication Theory. [161] [162] [163] It is intended as a response to and an improvement over linear and circular models by stressing the dynamic nature of communication and how it changes the participants. Dance sees the fault of linear models as ...
Barnlund's model is based on a set of fundamental assumptions holding that communication is dynamic, continuous, circular, irreversible, complex, and unrepeatable. Cues are of central importance in Barnlund's model. A cue is anything to which one may attribute meaning or which can trigger a response.
The Shannon–Weaver modelis one of the first and most influential models of communication. It was initially published in the 1948 paper "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" and explains communicationin terms of five basic components: a source, a transmitter, a channel, a receiver, and a destination. The source produces the original message.