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Following the El Nino event in 1997 – 1998, the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory attributes the first large-scale coral bleaching event to the warming waters. [169] Most critically, global mass bleaching events were recorded in 1997-98 and 2015–16, when around 75-99% losses of live coral were registered across the world.
The relationship between El Niño and California rainfall has been described as "fragile", as only the "persistent El Niño" leads to consistently higher rainfall in the state, while the other flavors of ENSO have mixed effects at best. [14] Historically, El Niño was not understood to affect U.S. weather patterns until Christensen et al. (1981 ...
El Niño is a natural climate event caused by the Southern Oscillation, popularly known as El Niño or also in meteorological circles as El Niño-Southern Oscillation or ENSO, [6] through which global warming of the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean results in the development of unusually warm waters between the coast of South America and the ...
El Nino Reshapes the Weather. ... Niños are the same, and other natural climate phenomena can also interact with El Niño, resulting in various seasonal impacts across the globe," Anderson said.
Typically, El Niño conditions occur every two to seven years and the conditions last for nine to twelve months. The Water Education Foundation reports that the last El Niño was in 2018-2019, but ...
Even though the ENSO is trending towards El Niño conditions, the exact impacts remain to be seen. Strong El Niños have recently been observed from 1997 into 1998 and from 2015 into 2016.
El Niño is one of three phases of the El Niño Southern Oscillation, which tracks water temperature changes in the equatorial Pacific Ocean that can have rippling effects on weather patterns ...
The first three of these events were weaker, while the 2009-10 event was a strong El Niño, but had shorter effects than the 1997–98 event. [ 9 ] [ 11 ] After the 2010–12 La Niña event had ended, near-neutral conditions persisted over the Pacific Ocean with no La Niña or El Niño events occurring. [ 12 ]