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Data communication, including data transmission and data reception, is the transfer of data, transmitted and received over a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communication channel. Examples of such channels are copper wires , optical fibers , wireless communication using radio spectrum , storage media and computer buses .
An optical communication system is any form of communications system that uses light as the transmission medium. Equipment consists of a transmitter, which encodes a message into an optical signal, a communication channel, which carries the signal to its destination, and a receiver, which reproduces the message from the received optical signal.
Information and communications technology (ICT) is an extensional term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications [1] and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers, as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage and audiovisual, that enable users to access, store, transmit, understand and ...
Communications data (sometimes referred to as traffic data or metadata) concerns information about communication. [1] Communications data is a part of a message that should be distinguished from the content of the message. It contains data on the communication's origin, destination, route, time, date, size, duration, or type of underlying ...
The presentation layer may provide the following services to the application layer: a request for the establishment of a session, data transfer, negotiation of the syntax to be used between the application layers, any necessary syntax transformations, formatting and special purpose transformations (e.g., data compression and data encryption).
Web content is the text, visual or audio content that is made available online and user encountered as part of the online usage and experience on websites. It may include text, images , sounds and audio , online videos, among other items placed within web pages .
The framework was created to guide user interface design. It would act as a guideline for many web development students for a decade. [23] Usable: Is the design of the system easy and simple to use? The application should feel familiar, and it should be easy to use. [23] [22] Useful: Does the application fulfill a need?
A broadcast channel is a channel that provides a broadcasting service, i.e. that sends data addressed to all users in the network. Cellular network examples are the paging service as well as the Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service. A multicast channel is a channel where data is addressed to a group of subscribing users. LTE examples are the ...