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Solar desalination is a technique that harnesses solar energy to convert saline water into fresh water, making it suitable for human consumption and irrigation. The process can be categorized based on the type of solar energy source utilized.
Indirect solar desalination systems comprise two sub-systems: a solar collection system and a desalination system. The solar collection system is used, either to collect heat using solar collectors and supply it via a heat exchanger to a thermal desalination process, or to convert electromagnetic solar radiation to electricity using photovoltaic cells to power an electricity-driven ...
[9] [10] His group's desalination research has spanned a broad range of topics including humidification-dehumidification, [11] forward and reverse osmosis, [12] membrane distillation, [13] produced water, [14] electrodialysis, nanofiltration, solar desalination, [15] and thermophysical properties.
Solar-powered desalination systems can be installed in remote locations where there is little or no infrastructure or energy grid. Solar is still affordable, eco-friendly, and considered an effective method amongst other conventional distillation techniques. Solar still is very effective, especially for supplying fresh water for islanders.
Membrane distillation is very suitable for compact, solar powered desalination units providing small and medium range output less than 10,000 litres per day (2,600 US gal/d). [25] Especially the spiral wound design patented by GORE in the year 1985 suits this application.
The second type converts solar energy to heat, and is known as solar thermal powered desalination. ... 2008, article in The Wall Street Journal stated, ...
The solar humidification–dehumidification method (HDH) is a thermal water desalination method. It is based on evaporation of sea water or brackish water and subsequent condensation of the generated humid air, mostly at ambient pressure. This process mimics the natural water cycle, but over a much shorter time frame.
A Water pyramid or WaterPyramid is a village-scale solar still, designed to distill water using solar energy for remote communities without easy access to clean, fresh water. It provides a means whereby communities can produce potable drinking water from saline , brackish or polluted water sources.