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In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit, usually within a cell, that has a specific function. The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body , hence organelle, the suffix -elle being a diminutive .
The vault or vault cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein is a eukaryotic organelle (a structure in the cells of multicellular organisms) whose function is not yet fully understood. . Discovered and isolated by Nancy Kedersha and Leonard Rome in 1986, [2] vaults are cytoplasmic structures (outside the nucleus) which, when negative-stained and viewed under an electron microscope, resemble the arches of ...
Polykrikos is a colony of zooids (units of a colonial organism) that carry out simultaneous functions of a whole cell.. All Polykrikos species have: 1) a slightly curved longitudinal furrow, sulcus, extending to posterior end of the organism 2) a loop-shaped acrobase, which is an anterior extension from the sulcus 3) a transverse furrow, cingulum, with the displacement 4) taeniocyst-nematocyst ...
Light micrograph of a moss's leaf cells at 400X magnification. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cell biology: . Cell biology – A branch of biology that includes study of cells regarding their physiological properties, structure, and function; the organelles they contain; interactions with their environment; and their life cycle, division, and death.
3D printed model of the structure of a bacterial flagellum "motor" and partial rod structure of a Salmonella species. Bottom to top: dark blue, repeating FliM and FliN, motor/switch proteins; red, FliG motor/switch proteins; yellow, FliF transmembrane coupling proteins; light blue, L and P ring proteins; and (at top), dark blue, the cap, hook-filament junction, hook, and rod proteins.
The anthocyanin-storing vacuoles of Rhoeo spathacea, a spiderwort, in cells that have plasmolyzed. Most mature plant cells have one large vacuole that typically occupies more than 30% of the cell's volume, and that can occupy as much as 80% of the volume for certain cell types and conditions. [21] Strands of cytoplasm often run through the vacuole.
The proportion of cell volume that is cytosol varies: for example while this compartment forms the bulk of cell structure in bacteria, [9] in plant cells the main compartment is the large central vacuole. [10] The cytosol consists mostly of water, dissolved ions, small molecules, and large water-soluble molecules (such as proteins).
Alex Benjamin Novikoff (() 28 February 1913 – () 9 January 1987) was a Russian Empire–born American biologist who is recognized for his pioneering works in the discoveries of cell organelles.