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A nasal septum perforation is a medical condition in which the nasal septum, the bony/cartilaginous wall dividing the nasal cavities, develops a hole or fissure. [1]This may be brought on directly, as in the case of nasal piercings, or indirectly, as by long-term topical drug application, including nasal administration of ethylphenidate, methamphetamine, cocaine, crushed prescription pills, or ...
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart.Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).
A perforated nasal septum can be caused by an ulcer, trauma due to an inserted object, long-term exposure to welding fumes, [6] or cocaine use. There is a procedure that can be of help to those suffering from the perforated septum. A silicone button can be inserted in the hole to close the open sore.
When holes form between the chambers, as in AVSD, the pools can mix. Consequently, arterial blood supplies become less oxygenated than normal, causing ischemia and cyanosis in distal tissues. [ 3 ] To compensate, the heart must pump a larger volume of blood to deliver enough oxygen, leading to cardiac enlargement and hypertrophy .
removing parts of the nasal septum: Killian's nasal bone gouge: bayonet shaped; removing parts of the nasal septum: Myringotome: used to cut the ear drum: Grommet stapedectomy set: used in surgeries of the ear drum: Tracheostomy tube: used in tracheostomy to bypass the airway above its point of insertion, due to any reason •Fuller's bi-valve type
During the more common form of Lutembacher's syndrome, ASD Ostium secundum, a hole will form in the flap of tissue (septum primum) that should close between the two atria after birth. With the onset of a hole created in the tissue flap that closes the larger hole between the left and right atrium, blood can again flow from the left atrium to ...
An atrial septal defect is a hole in the septum that divides the right and left atria (the upper two chambers) of the heart. In the heart of a developing fetus, there are several holes between the atria, however these are expected to close before birth. This congenital condition arises if one of these holes remains. [6]
The human nose is the first organ of the respiratory system.It is also the principal organ in the olfactory system.The shape of the nose is determined by the nasal bones and the nasal cartilages, including the nasal septum, which separates the nostrils and divides the nasal cavity into two.