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Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO; French: Pêches et Océans Canada, MPO) is a department of the Government of Canada that is responsible for developing and implementing policies and programs in support of Canada's economic, ecological and scientific interests in oceans and inland waters.
The Act, then known as An Act for the regulation of Fishing and the protection of Fisheries was passed into law on May 22, 1868, in the 1st Canadian Parliament. [2] The Act replaced An Act to amend Chapter 62 of the Consolidated Statutes of Canada, and to provide for the better regulation of Fishing and protection of Fisheries passed by the Province of Canada. [2]
The mandate and management of Department of Fisheries and Oceans and its subsidiary agencies: The Freshwater Fish Marketing Corporation; The Atlantic Fisheries Licence Appeal Board; The Pacific Region Licence Appeal Board; Closed Containment Salmon Aquaculture; Snow Crab Industry in Atlantic Canada and Quebec
Therefore, when Fisheries and Oceans set quotas, they overestimated the total supply and increased the total allowable catch. [14] With the absence of foreign fishing, many Canadian and U.S fishing trawlers took their place, and the number of cod kept diminishing past a point of recovery. [12]
The fisheries located on the east and west coasts of the North American continent have always been an important resource for the people who live there. The Canadian fishing industry traces its origins back to the first European Settles who arrived in Canada and harvested seafood products for survival and transportation back to Europe.
The Halifax Treaties were a collection of 11 written documents produced between 1760 and 1761, which, amongst other agreements provided Native Canadians the right to fish. In 1999, the treaty was upheld by the Supreme Court in R v Marshall (No. 1) and again affirmed Indigenous fishers the right to fish in order to support a "moderate livelihood ...
[8] [9] The Journal of the Biological Board of Canada was preceded by Contributions to Canadian Biology and Fisheries. [10] William Edwin Ricker, a leading fisheries scientist, was the journal's editor-in-chief from 1950 until his retirement in 1973. [11] His famous paper 1954 paper Stock and recruitment was published in the journal. [12]
In 1973 Canada's east coast territorial sea and fishing zones was 70,600 sq mi (183,000 km 2). Thanks to the extension to 200 nautical miles it increased to 673,000 sq mi (1,740,000 km 2). This encompassed 96% of the total fish catch by Canadian and foreign fishing fleets in the Atlantic zone of Canada.