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The term law of total probability is sometimes taken to mean the law of alternatives, which is a special case of the law of total probability applying to discrete random variables. [ citation needed ] One author uses the terminology of the "Rule of Average Conditional Probabilities", [ 4 ] while another refers to it as the "continuous law of ...
Khinchin's theorem (probability) Killing–Hopf theorem (Riemannian geometry) Kinoshita–Lee–Nauenberg theorem (quantum field theory) Kirby–Paris theorem (proof theory) Kirchberger's theorem (discrete geometry) Kirchhoff's theorem (graph theory) Kirszbraun theorem (Lipschitz continuity) Kleene fixed-point theorem (order theory)
The original proof that the Hausdorff–Young inequality cannot be extended to > is probabilistic. The proof of the de Leeuw–Kahane–Katznelson theorem (which is a stronger claim) is partially probabilistic. [1] The first construction of a Salem set was probabilistic. [2] Only in 1981 did Kaufman give a deterministic construction.
It should only contain pages that are Probability theorems or lists of Probability theorems, as well as subcategories containing those things (themselves set categories). Topics about Probability theorems in general should be placed in relevant topic categories .
The Isabelle [a] automated theorem prover is a higher-order logic (HOL) theorem prover, written in Standard ML and Scala.As a Logic for Computable Functions (LCF) style theorem prover, it is based on a small logical core (kernel) to increase the trustworthiness of proofs without requiring, yet supporting, explicit proof objects.
The proposition in probability theory known as the law of total expectation, [1] the law of iterated expectations [2] (LIE), Adam's law, [3] the tower rule, [4] and the smoothing theorem, [5] among other names, states that if is a random variable whose expected value is defined, and is any random variable on the same probability space, then
This is a list of probability topics. It overlaps with the (alphabetical) list of statistical topics . There are also the outline of probability and catalog of articles in probability theory .
In computational complexity theory, a probabilistically checkable proof (PCP) is a type of proof that can be checked by a randomized algorithm using a bounded amount of randomness and reading a bounded number of bits of the proof. The algorithm is then required to accept correct proofs and reject incorrect proofs with very high probability.