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In Chapter 5, MacArthur and Wilson examine why species can be excluded from insular environments and how the niche of a species changes after introduction. The authors surmise that pioneering species can be excluded for the following reasons: the island has saturated levels of pre-existing competition, the pioneering species cannot maintain a ...
The average contribution to the next generation by a genotype or a class of genotypes, relative to the contributions of other genotypes in the population. [38] This is also known as Darwinian fitness, selection coefficient, and other terms. 2. Absolute fitness. The absolute contribution to the next generation by a genotype or a class of genotypes.
Molecular biology – study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, with some cross over from biochemistry. Structural biology – a branch of molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics concerned with the molecular structure of biological macromolecules. Health sciences and human biology – biology of humans.
Biomechanics – the study of the mechanics of living beings [11] Botany – study of plants [12] Agrostology – the study of grasses and grass-like species; Phycology – the study of algae [13] Cell biology (cytology) – study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell [14]
An episome is a special type of plasmid, which remains as a part of the eukaryotic genome without integration.Episomes manage this by replicating together with the rest of the genome and subsequently associating with metaphase chromosomes during mitosis.
Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells. [1] [2] All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living and functioning of organisms. [3] Cell biology is the study of the structural and functional ...
Systematic biology (hereafter called simply systematics) is the field that (a) provides scientific names for organisms, (b) describes them, (c) preserves collections of them, (d) provides classifications for the organisms, keys for their identification, and data on their distributions, (e) investigates their evolutionary histories, and (f ...
[11] [12] Their contributions shaped ancient Greek natural philosophy. [13] [11] [12] [14] [15] Ancient Greek philosophers such as Aristotle (384–322 BCE) contributed extensively to the development of biological knowledge. [16] He explored biological causation and the diversity of life. His successor, Theophrastus, began the scientific study ...