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The nasal septum divides the cavity into two cavities, [1] also known as fossae. [2] Each cavity is the continuation of one of the two nostrils. The nasal cavity is the uppermost part of the respiratory system and provides the nasal passage for inhaled air from the nostrils to the nasopharynx and rest of the respiratory tract.
The cartilage in the septum is avascular and can be 2–4 mm thick. The septum gets its blood supply from the ethmoid and sphenopalatine arteries. [4] The nasal septum is composed of cartilaginous, membranous, and bony components overlaid by mucoperichondrium and mucoperiosteum.
There is contention as whether this is truly part of Kiesselbach's plexus. Most sources quote that it is not part of the plexus, but rather one of the blood supplies for the nasal septum itself. [2] It runs vertically downwards just behind the columella, and crosses the floor of the nose. It joins the venous plexus on the lateral nasal wall.
The nasal branch travels through cribriform plate to enter the nasal cavity and runs in a groove on the deep surface of the nasal bone. Here it bifurcates into a medial and lateral branch. The lateral branch supplies blood to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and the medial branch to the nasal septum.
The alae of the nose are supplied by nasal branches of CN V 2, the infraorbital nerve, and internal nasal branches of infraorbital nerve that supply the septum and the vestibule. [ 46 ] [ 13 ] The maxillary sinus is supplied by superior alveolar nerves from the maxillary and infraorbital nerves.
The nasal mucosa contains a rich blood supply that can be easily ruptured and cause bleeding. Rupture may be spontaneous or initiated by trauma. Rupture may be spontaneous or initiated by trauma. Nosebleeds are reported in up to 60% of the population with peak incidences in those under the age of ten and over the age of 50 and appear to occur ...
Once emerging from the greater palatine foramen, it changes names to the greater palatine artery and begins to supply the hard palate. [1] As it terminates it travels through the incisive canal to anastomose with the sphenopalatine artery to supply the nasal septum. [1]
This artery supplies the posterior ethmoidal air sinuses, the dura mater [2] of the anterior cranial fossa, and the upper part of the nasal mucosa of the nasal septum. [ citation needed ] References