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  2. Esophageal varices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_varices

    Splenic vein thrombosis is a rare condition that causes esophageal varices without a raised portal pressure. Splenectomy can cure the variceal bleeding due to splenic vein thrombosis. [citation needed] Varices can also form in other areas of the body, including the stomach (gastric varices), duodenum (duodenal varices), and rectum (rectal ...

  3. Esophageal rupture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_rupture

    Esophageal rupture, also known as Boerhaave syndrome, is a rupture of the esophageal wall. Iatrogenic causes account for approximately 56% of esophageal perforations, usually due to medical instrumentation such as an endoscopy or paraesophageal surgery. [ 1 ]

  4. Gastrointestinal bleeding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_bleeding

    [1] [9] Sometimes in those with small amounts of bleeding no symptoms may be present. [1] Bleeding is typically divided into two main types: upper gastrointestinal bleeding and lower gastrointestinal bleeding. [2] Causes of upper GI bleeds include: peptic ulcer disease, esophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis and cancer, among others. [3]

  5. Gastrointestinal perforation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_perforation

    Gastrointestinal perforation, also known as gastrointestinal rupture, [1] is a hole in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract is composed of hollow digestive organs leading from the mouth to the anus. [3] Symptoms of gastrointestinal perforation commonly include severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. [2]

  6. Esophagus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophagus

    Veins in the plexus may engorge and lead to varices. [6] [7] Esophageal varices often do not have symptoms until they rupture. A ruptured varix is considered a medical emergency because varices can bleed a lot. A bleeding varix may cause a person to vomit blood, or suffer shock. To deal with a ruptured varix, a band may be placed around the ...

  7. Mallory–Weiss syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallory–Weiss_syndrome

    More severe upper gastrointestinal bleeds are associated with concurrent portal hypertension and esophageal varices. [2] The formation of esophageal varices (dilated veins) is linked to the presence of portal hypertension. [23] Additionally, esophageal varices can rupture which can be fatal. [23]

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  9. Portal hypertensive gastropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_hypertensive_gastro...

    Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may experience bleeding from the stomach, which may uncommonly manifest itself in vomiting blood or melena; however, portal hypertension may cause several other more common sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, such as esophageal varices and gastric varices. On endoscopic evaluation of the ...