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This is a list of Arabic letter components used in Arabic script. ... U+0753, ݓ ARABIC LETTER BEH WITH THREE DOTS POINTING UPWARDS BELOW AND TWO DOTS ABOVE.
A dot above a letter indicated the vowel a, a dot below indicated the vowel i, a dot on the side of a letter stood for the vowel u, and two dots stood for the tanwīn. However, the early manuscripts of the Qur'an did not use the vowel signs for every letter requiring them, but only for letters where they were necessary for a correct reading.
For example, the Arabic letters ب b, ت t, and ث th have the same basic shape, but with one dot added below, two dots added above, and three dots added above respectively. The letter ن n also has the same form in initial and medial forms, with one dot added above, though it is somewhat different in its isolated and final forms.
Initially, this was done using a system of red dots, said to have been commissioned by Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, the Umayyad governor of Iraq, according to traditional accounts [citation needed]: a dot above = a, a dot below = i, a dot on the line = u, and doubled dots giving tanwin. However, this was cumbersome and easily confusable with the letter ...
Arabic Letter Reh With Dot Below And Dot Above Pashto U+0697 ڗ Arabic Letter Reh With Two Dots Above Dargwa U+0698 ژ Arabic Letter Jeh Persian, Urdu, ... U+0699 ڙ Arabic Letter Reh With Four Dots Above Sindhi U+069A ښ Arabic Letter Seen With Dot Below And Dot Above Pashto U+069B ڛ
arabic letter hah with dot below and 2 dots horizontally above = jeem with 2 dots horizontally above u+08c1 ...
The letter shīn, along with Ṯāʾ, are the only two surviving letters in Arabic with three dots above. According to some sources, this is the origin of x used for the unknown in the equations. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] However, according to other sources, there is no historical evidence for this.
Gaf (Persian: گاف; gāf), is the name of different Perso-Arabic letters, all representing /ɡ/. They are all derived from the letter kāf , with additional diacritics , such as dots and lines. It is also one of the four letters the Persian alphabet added from the twenty-eight inherited from the Arabic alphabet (the others being pe , che ...
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